Gastroenterology Flashcards
E coli, colstridium, bactericides are _____ ____ in the large intestine
normal flora
H pyori and viral cause _________, which is inflammation of the stomach. _______ and abdominal pain are most common symptoms.
gastroenteritis
peptic ulcer disease refers to a disruption of the mucosal integrity of the ________, ________ or both. Mostly caused by ___________
stomach and duodenum
H pylori
gnawing epigastric pain relieved by food or liquid intake is classic symptom of ____________
PUD
triple therapy (2 antibiotics and PPI) or quadruple therapy (bismuth) are used to treat _________
PUD
infection of the gallbladder is usually from the _________ group (68%)
enterobacter (gram negative)
acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the _______. Usually caused by obstruction of the _____ _____ (stone)
gallbladder
bile duct
Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, RUQ is class of __________. Treat with _______ and surgical consult
acute cholecystitis
antibiotics
viral, ______, HSV causes hepatitis is A, B, C.
mono
hepatocellular damage and inflammation of the liver is ___________. The etiology is usually ______, but can be caused by alcohol also. Hepatitis A and E are spread _____ - ______, from water or hands.
hepatitis
viral
feca-oral
Hepatitis B, C, D, are transmitted ________ (sexual contact, IV use, et)
parenterally or mucous membrane
fatigue, malaise, nausea and ________ are indicative of hepatitis. Avoid alcohol and hepatotoxins. Vaccinate A & B
jaundice
enterobacter, bacteroides, enterocci cause ________ abscess. This is a pus-filled _____ in the liver
hepatic abscess
cavity
Hepatic abscess is caused by a ___________, infection of the GI
biliary tract source
hepatic abcess will present like _______, with malaise, fever, chills, anorexia. Later, they will develop more jaundice, diarrhea. Use ultrasound.
hepatitis
treat hepatic abscess with __________ and surgery
IV antibiotics
liver tests measure liver injury: _____, ____, and ________. They also measure liver function, with ______, -, and _______
AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase
albumin (protein synthesis)
serum glucose (gluconeogenesis)
total bilirubin (excretory function)
biliary tract disease is the most common cause of _______, in addition to heavy _____ use
acute pancreatitis
alcohol
upper abdominal pain to back and flank, nausea, and fever, and class symptoms of ________, which is characterized by sudden swelling and inflammation.
acute pancreatitis
treat acute pancreatitis with ________, fluids, nutrition, and IV ______
antibiotics
analgesia
luminal obstruction and lack of venous outflow results in ______, causes perforation, and _____.
ischemia
perionitis
enterobacteria, ________, and ________ are typical for appendicitis
bacteroides
enterococci
classic history for appendicitis includes __________, abdominal pain (periumbilical and migrates to RLQ), and finally _______ and _________ (“rebound tenderness”)
anorexia
nausea and vomiting
inflamed and infected out pouching of the colon results in _________. Pt will present with _____ pain, tenderness, fever.
diverticulitis
LLQ
treat _______ with antibiotics, bed rest, and analgesics
diverticulitis
diarrhea is defined by 3 or more liquid/semisolid stools for at least __________ days
2-3 days
large volume of diarrhea without inflammation is __________ diarrhea (laxative, pancreatic insufficiency)
secretory
bloody diarrhea with fever is __________ diarrhea
inflammatory
inflammatory diarrhea indicates _______ ______ or IBS
invasive organisms
antibiotic-associated diarrhea is usually caused by ______ ______
clostridium difficile
infectious diarrhea can viral (rorovirus, norwalk, and ______
rotavirus
infectious diarrhea can be parasitic: helminth, ______, ________, toxoplasmosis
malaria, pinworms, toxoplasmosis
Non blood bacterial diarrhea: staph aureus clostridium perfringens \_\_\_\_\_\_ (cholera; watery and profuse) enterotoxic: \_\_\_\_\_ (cramps and watery) giardia lamblia: water or person to person; treat METRONIDAZOLE salmonella: poultry. PURULENT diarrhea
vibrio
E. coli (can be enterotoxic or enterohemorrhagic)
infectious diarrhea
Purulent and blood diarrhea is caused by: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ E Coli Shigella (treat with cipro) Campylobacter (treat with cipro) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (treat with cipro)
enterohemmorhagic
travelers
treat shigella, campylobacter, enterohemorrhagic, and traveler’s diarrhea with _______. But, treat Giardia with ________
Cipro
metronidazole
crampy, watery diarrhea is from:
staph ______
clostridium ______
enterotoxic _____
aureus
perfrigens
E. Coli
watery diarrhea results from:
Norovirus
________
_______ (profuse as well)
rotavirus
Vibrio (cholera)
