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Histology Term 1 > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

From where does the PNS and meninges derive from?

A

Neural Crest Cells

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2
Q

How does the CNS differ from the PNS?

A

CNS has:

  • 4 types of glia
  • Blood brain barrier
  • No axonal basal lamina

PNS has:

  • 2 Types of glia
  • Weak BBB
  • Axonal Basal Lamina
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3
Q

How are the CNS and PNS similar?

A
  • Post mitotic neurons

- Invading cells

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4
Q

What are invading cells?

A
  • Blood vessel endothelium

- Immune cells

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5
Q

What is the Nissle Body?

A

-The RER for the neuron

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6
Q

What protein is used for anterograde axonal transport?

A

Kinesin

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7
Q

What protein is used for fast retrograde axonal transport?

A

Dynein

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8
Q

What is contained within the arachnoid layer?

A
  • Blood vessels
  • Trabeculae
  • CSF
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9
Q

What are the three layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A
  • Molecular layer
  • Purkinje Layer
  • Granular layer
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10
Q

What is the intermediate filament of neurons?

A

neurofilament

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11
Q

What kind of intermediate filament will be found in satellite cells?

A

-Vimentin (Arise from neural crest cells)

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12
Q

What levels do the preganglionic sympathetic neurons arise from?

A
  • T 1-12

- L 1-3

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13
Q

What levels do the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons arise from?

A
  • CN III, VII, IX, X

- S 2-4

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14
Q

What is a euchromatic nucleus?

A
  • Light staining areas of nucleas

- Indicate an active cell

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15
Q

Where do glia in the CNS arise from?

A

Neural tube

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16
Q

What is the intermediate filament of glia in the CNS?

A
  • GFAP
  • Gilial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Except Microglia!! (Vimentin)
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17
Q

Where do glia in the PNS arise from?

A

-Neural Crest

18
Q

What is the intermediate filament of glia in the PNS?

A

-Vimentin

19
Q

What are the types of glia in the PNS?

A
  • Schwann Cells

- Satelite cells

20
Q

What cells support neurons in the NS?

A
  • Glia
  • Endothelial cells
  • Immune cells
21
Q

What are the 3 CNS glial cells?

A
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Astrocytes
  • Ependymal cells
  • Microglia (Non GFAP)
22
Q

What do oligodendrocytes do?

A
  • Mylenation
  • One oligo insulates many neurons
  • NO basal lamina
23
Q

What do astrocytes do?

A
  • Structural component of brain
  • Forms part of blood brain barrier
  • Repair (Scars)
  • NT Pickup
  • Most common tumor source
24
Q

What do ependymal cells do?

A
  • Circulates CSF

- No Basal Lamina

25
Q

What is the most common tumor source in the CNS?

A

-Astrocytes

26
Q

How do astrocytes act as the blood brain barrier?

A

-Feet on the capillary and feet on the neuron

27
Q

What do microglia do?

A

-immune function

28
Q

What intermediate filament is found in microglia?

A

-Vimentin

29
Q

Where does the Dura, pia, and arachnoid develop from?

A

Neural Crest

30
Q

What is the ratio of schwann cells to axons?

A

1 shwann cell : 1 axon : 1 internode

1 schwann cell per internode

31
Q

How is the axon basal lamina continuous in the PNS?

A

-Schwann cells extend over nodes of ranvier

32
Q

What is a schmidt-lanterman cleft?

A

Areas in the mylenation of axons where cytoplasm has percolated back into the layers of the membrane

33
Q

What Surrounds axons in the PNS?

A
  • Myeln

- Endoneurium

34
Q

What surrounds fascicles in the PNS?

A

-Perineurium

35
Q

What surrounds nerves in the PNS?

A

-Epinerurium

36
Q

How are motor nerves repaired?

A
  • Initial wallerian axonal degeneration
  • Reorganization of proximal segment
  • Macrophages clean up, Stim schwann cells
  • Schwann cells proliferate (Neurotrophins)
  • Schwann cells + BL guide neurons
37
Q

What is a neuroma?

A

Lost axons that form a swelling when they cannot find their target, can be the source of spontaneous pain

38
Q

In what time period must motor neurons reach muscle after damage?

A

-18 months

39
Q

In what time period must sensory neurons reach target after damage?

A

-No time limit

40
Q

What is the function of satellite cells?

A
  • Form an intimate covering layer over the cell bodies in PNS ganglia
  • Exert a supportive effect, nourishing and regulating the microenvironments of these neurons
41
Q

What does endoneurium consist of?

A
  • reticular fibers
  • scattered fibroblasts
  • capillaries
42
Q

What is the function of the perineurium?

A
  • regulated diffusion into the fascicle

- make up blood-nerve barrier to maintain fibers’ microenvironment

Histology Term 1 (15 decks)

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