Joints Flashcards
What are the 3 main classifications of joints?
- Synarthroses
- Amphiarthroses
- Diarthroses
What are synarthroses joints?
Joints that have very limited movement
What are the three subtypes of synarthroses joints?
- Synostosis
- Synchondroses
- Syndesmosis
What are synostosis joints? Give example.
-Subtype of Synarthroses joints
-Connected by bone
ex=skull
What are synchondroses joints? give example.
-Subtype of Synarthroses
-connected by hyaline cartilage with very little movement
ex= 1st rib to sternum
What are syndesmosis joints? give example
-subtype of synarthroses
-connected by dense connective tissue
ex= Pubic symphesis
What are Amphiarthroses joints? Give example
-Joints that permit slight movement
ex= intervertebral disc
What are Diarthroses joints? Give example
-Joints that permit relatively free movement between connected bones
ex=long and short bones
What are the two components that make up an Amphiarthrosis joint?
- fibrocartilage
2. a viscous gel-like substance
What is the annulus fibrosus?
A ring of fibrocartilage found in intervertebral discs
What is the Nucleus Pulposus?
A viscous gel-like substance found inside the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral discs
What is contained within the articular cavity of Diarthroses joints?
Synovial fluid
Is there perichondrium on articular cartilage?
NO
What is the major component of synovial fluid?
Hyaluronic acid
What produces synovial fluid?
the synovial membrane
What are the components of a Diarthroses joint?
- Ligaments
- Articular Capsule
- Synovial membrane
- Synovial fluid
- Articular cartilage
How is the structure of Articular cartilage different from normal hyaline cartilage?
- No perichondrium
- “Gothic Arches” = collagen fibers are arranged in a pattern, vertical parallel fibers with horizontal parallel fibers at the articular surface.
But articular cartilage has no perichondrium!! How does it get nutrients??
- High hyaluronic acid content
- As joints are compressed, water is squeezed out of joints
- When pressure is relieved, water flows back in with Oxygen and nutrients
How does the synovial membrane produce synovial fluid without glands?
- Leaky capilaries
- no basal lamina = water can pass through
- Synovial layer produces GAG’s and proteoglycans that absorb the water from the leaky capillaries
How does the synovial membrane control the sterility of the synovial fluid?
With Macrophage-like cells
