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Histology Term 1 > Bone 2 > Flashcards

Bone 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is contained within organic (osteoid) bone matrix?

A
  • collagen type 1
  • Glycosaminoglycans
  • Proteoglycans
  • Glycoproteins
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2
Q

What is contained within inorganic bone matrix?

A

Hydroxyapatite crystals

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3
Q

What are hydroxylapatite cristals?

A

Bone Hardener

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4
Q

What enzyme increases local phosphate concentration in bone matrix?

A

Alkaline Phosphatase

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5
Q

What binds calcium in the bone matrix to increase local calcium concnetration?

A

Osteocalcin

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6
Q

What cell generates the bone matrix?

A

Osteoblasts

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7
Q

What are osteons?

A

Cylindrical structures that run along vessels in compact/cortical bone to provide strength

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8
Q

What are the 4 histological structures of lamellar cortical bone?

A
  1. Outercircumferential lamellae
  2. Osteons
  3. Interstitial Lamellae
  4. Inner Circumferential Lamellae
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9
Q

What kind of connective tissue is the perioseum?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

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10
Q

What lines haversion and volkmann’s canals?

A

Endosteum

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11
Q

What connects periosteum to bone?

A

“Sharpey’s Fibers”

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12
Q

How do interstitial lamellae come about in compact bone?

A
  • remodeling

- New osteons travel through old ones

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13
Q

What are the two forms of osteogenesis?

A

Intramembranous ossification

Endochondral ossification

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14
Q

What kind of bones does intramembranous ossification synthesize?

A

Flat bones

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15
Q

What tissue do flat bones evolve from?

A

a mesenchymal membrane

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16
Q

What tissue do Long bones evolve from?

A

Hyaline cartilage

17
Q

What is a bone blastema?

A

The area in mesenchymal membrane where cells are differentiating to osteoblasts, beginning the process of intramembranous ossification

18
Q

What structure is formed when several bone blastemae develop simultaneously and fuse together?

A

Primary Spongiosa

19
Q

What allows blood vessel growth through hyaline cartilage?

A

-Chondrocytes die and leave an enlarged lacunae chamber

20
Q

How are osteoprogenitor cells deposited in the empty lacunae of hyaline cartlilage?

A

They are deposited there by blood vessels

21
Q

What are the 5 zones of the epiphyseal plate?

A
  1. Resting zone
  2. Proliferative zone
  3. Hypertrophic Zone
  4. Calcified Cartilage Zone
  5. Ossification zone
22
Q

What are the stages of fracture repari?

A
  1. Periosteal Proliferation
  2. Formation of hyaline cartilage, which begins ossification
  3. New woven bone is laid down via both endochondral and intramembranous ossification
  4. Woven bone eventually remodeled to lamellar bone
23
Q

What are the 3 sections of the cortical bone remodeling system?

A
  1. Cutting cone (Osteoclasts)
  2. Reversal zone (Osteoprogenitor cells)
  3. Closing cone (Osteoblasts)
24
Q

What vitamin does osteocalcin depend on?

A

Vitamin K

Histology Term 1 (15 decks)

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