Adipose Tissue Flashcards
What are the functions of adipose tissue?
-Store energy -secrete hormones (Leptin) -Produce heat, insulate against heat loss -Protect against trauma -Barrier against infection
What is the function of brown adipose tissue?
Generate heat
What is the function of white adipose tissue?
Storage of neutral fat
What is the difference between neutral and non-neutral fat?
Neutral fat is totally hydrophobic. Non-neutral fat is amphipathic.
How do adipocytes synthesize neutral tryglycerides?
- Glucose–>Glycerol-3-P + 3 fatty acids –> triglycerides 2. Glucose–>acetate–>fatty acids Glucose–>Glycerol-3-P Glycerol-3-P + 3 fatty acids–>Triglyceride
What molecule transports free fatty acids in the blood stream?
Albumin
What does lipoprotein lipase do?
Breaks down fatty metabolites, releasing free fatty acids and glycerol so that they can diffuse into an adipocyte
What does Hormone sensitive lipase do?
hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol
Where are brown adipocytes normally located?
-Neck area and interscapular region
What is a protein marker for brown adipocytes?
Uncoupling protein
Why is uncoupling protein a target for anti-obesity drugs?
it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis
Where is glucagon made?
Alpha cells of the pancreas
What does glucagon do?
raises blood glucose levels by signalling cells to degrade glycogen and triglycerides
What are two hormone hunger signals?
-Glucagon -Ghrelin
Where is ghrelin made?
GI tract
What does ghrelin do?
makes you hungry
What are two hormones that signal satiety?
-Leptin -GLP-1
Where is leptin made?
Adipocytes
Where is GLP-1 produced?
GI tract
What does GLP-1 do?
Tells you to stop eating, you’re full
Which one of these strategies is likely to result in weight loss? A. Inhibiting Uncoupling Protein (UCP) B. Inhibiting hormone-sensitive lipase C. Activating lipoprotein lipase D. Activating uncoupling protein (UCP)
D. Activating UCP
Is brown adipose tissue unilocular or multilocular?
Multilocular
What is liipoprotien lipase made by?
Adipocytes
What hormone activates lipoprotein lipase?
insulin
