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Histology Term 1 > Bone 1 > Flashcards

Bone 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of bone when classified by sequence of bone formation?

A
  1. Woven bone

2. Lamellar bone

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2
Q

What are the types of bone when classified by sequence of bone formation?

A
  • Compact Bone

- Trabecular bone

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3
Q

(T/F) All bone starts as woven bone.

A

T

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4
Q

What are the four fundamental cells of bone?

A
  1. Osteoprogenitor
  2. Osteoblast
  3. Osteocyte
  4. Osteoclast
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5
Q

What embryonic tissue are osteoprogenitor cells derived from?

A

Mesenchyme

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6
Q

Where do osteoblasts come from?

A

osteoprogenitor cells

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7
Q

What side of the cell do Osteoblasts secrete osteoid and enzymes?

A

The base of the cell

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8
Q

What does Vitamin D do??

A

Stimulates production of osteoid glycoproteins in osteoblasts

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9
Q

What hormone regulates osteoblast function?

A

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

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10
Q

What type of cell can an osteoblast become?

A

osteocyte

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11
Q

What happens to PTH when serum Ca2+ is decreased?

A

it increases

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12
Q

Where are osteocytes located?

A

In lacunae within a spicule of trabecular bone

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13
Q

How many osteocytes are there in each lacunae?

A

one

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14
Q

How do osteocytes communicate with each other?

A

long cytoplasmic extensions between each other, formed through canaliculi

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15
Q

From where do osteoclasts derive?

A

The mononuclear phagocytic system

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16
Q

How are osteoclasts attached to bone?

A

Via integrins and cadherins to osteopontin

17
Q

What is a resorption bay?

A

The depression on bone where osteoclasts are found

18
Q

What is the Ruffled border of an osteoclast?

A

The surface next to bone which has microvilli

19
Q

How do osteoclasts degrade bone?

A

The secrete acid collagenases and acid phosphatases that decalcifies bone and digests osteoid

20
Q

How are osteoclasts stimulated?

A
  • indirectly through osteoblasts
  • PTH causes osteoblast to secrete RANKL
  • RANKL binds osteoclast, which stimulates osteoclastogenesis
21
Q

How are osteoclasts inhibited?

A

Directly by calcitonin

22
Q

How can you tell apart (histologically) osteoprogenitor cells and resting osteoblasts?

A

You can’t

23
Q

What binds RANKL and blocks its activity?

A

Osteoprotegrin (OPG)

24
Q

What happens when RANKL binds its receptor on an osteoclast?

A
  • Downregulation of OPG

- Stimulates osteoclastogenesis

Histology Term 1 (15 decks)

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