Nervous System Flashcards
Why is the cerebral cortex folded?
To increase the surface area to increase the volume of neurones
What are the two branches of the peripheral nervous system?
Somatic
Autonomic
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
What is the equivalent of nerves (PNS) in the central nervous system?
Tracts
What is the equivalent of ganglion (PNS) in the CNS?
Nucleus
Which type of axon is in the dorsal root of the spinal cord?
Sensory
Which type of axon is in the ventral root of the spinal cord?
Motor
True or false: the dissemination of information occurs in grey matter
FALSE - in white matter
Where does the processing of information occur in the spinal cord?
Grey matter
Complete the sentence:
The spinal nerve is _______________, not homogenous, with bundles of axons called _________
Compartmentalised
Fascicles
Which neurone connects the sensory and motor neurones?
Inter-neurone
What is another name for a motor neurone?
Multipolar
Why is the impulse slow in a bipolar neurone?
It has to bypass the cell body
What is the endoneurium?
CN that glues individual nerve fibres in the fascicle
What is the perineurium?
Loose CT that holds the fascicle together
What is the epineurium?
Dense irregular CT surrounding a peripheral nerve. It usually surrounds multiple nerve fascicles as well as blood vessels which supply the nerve.
What are the two types of cells in the nervous system?
Neurones
Glia (glue)
What can myelinate many axons and which nervous system is it in?
Oligodendrocyte in CNS
What can only myelinate one axon and which nervous system is it in?
Schwann cells in PNS
What are microglia?
Branched processes constantly moving to look for toxins, pathogens etc and when they become activated, they turn into macrophages
What do astrocytes do? (2)
- Cellular vacuum cleaners-‘vacuum’ excess transmitter at the synapse by extending their processes.
- Creates the blood-brain barrier by interacting with endothelium cells. Send processes to capillaries and interact with endothelium cells to create tight junctions
