Nervous System

Question 1

Why is the cerebral cortex folded?

Answer 1

To increase the surface area to increase the volume of neurones

Question 2

What are the two branches of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 2

Somatic

Autonomic

Question 3

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 3

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

Question 4

What is the equivalent of nerves (PNS) in the central nervous system?

Answer 4

Tracts

Question 5

What is the equivalent of ganglion (PNS) in the CNS?

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

Which type of axon is in the dorsal root of the spinal cord?

Answer 6

Sensory

Question 7

Which type of axon is in the ventral root of the spinal cord?

Answer 7

Motor

Question 8

True or false: the dissemination of information occurs in grey matter

Answer 8

FALSE - in white matter

Question 9

Where does the processing of information occur in the spinal cord?

Answer 9

Grey matter

Question 10

Complete the sentence:

The spinal nerve is _______________, not homogenous, with bundles of axons called _________

Answer 10

Compartmentalised

Fascicles

Question 11

Which neurone connects the sensory and motor neurones?

Answer 11

Inter-neurone

Question 12

What is another name for a motor neurone?

Answer 12

Multipolar

Question 13

Why is the impulse slow in a bipolar neurone?

Answer 13

It has to bypass the cell body

Question 14

What is the endoneurium?

Answer 14

CN that glues individual nerve fibres in the fascicle

Question 15

What is the perineurium?

Answer 15

Loose CT that holds the fascicle together

Question 16

What is the epineurium?

Answer 16

Dense irregular CT surrounding a peripheral nerve. It usually surrounds multiple nerve fascicles as well as blood vessels which supply the nerve.

Question 17

What are the two types of cells in the nervous system?

Answer 17

Neurones

Glia (glue)

Question 18

What can myelinate many axons and which nervous system is it in?

Answer 18

Oligodendrocyte in CNS

Question 19

What can only myelinate one axon and which nervous system is it in?

Answer 19

Schwann cells in PNS

Question 20

What are microglia?

Answer 20

Branched processes constantly moving to look for toxins, pathogens etc and when they become activated, they turn into macrophages

Question 21

What do astrocytes do? (2)

Answer 21

1. Cellular vacuum cleaners-‘vacuum’ excess transmitter at the synapse by extending their processes.
2. Creates the blood-brain barrier by interacting with endothelium cells. Send processes to capillaries and interact with endothelium cells to create tight junctions