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Anatomy & Physiology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

What is the function of the cerebral hemisphere in the forebrain?

A

Memory, processing and storing information, voluntary movements.

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1
Q

What is the forebrain made up of?

A

Cerebral hemisphere

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

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2
Q

What is the function of the thalamus in the forebrain?

A
  • relay information for sight and hearing

- relay information from spinal cord to forebrain

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3
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus in the forebrain?

A
  • Link between endocrine and nervous system

- homeostasis

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4
Q

What is the function of the mid brain?

A

Control of consciousness

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5
Q

What is a synapse?

A

Nervous impulses pass from one neuron to another by means of structures call synapses.

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6
Q

What is Meninges?

A

The tough fibrous envelope enclosing the brain and spinal cord.

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7
Q

What is cerebrospinal fluid?

A

The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.

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8
Q

What is the ventricles?

A

Are spaces in the brain filled with cerebral spinal fluid.

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9
Q

What happens when a nerve cell is stimulated?

A

An electric current is formed by charged ions loving across membrane (DEPOLARISATION)

Depolarisation wave carried to end of nerve fibre/ axon terminal.

Electric current then releases Neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters released into synapse, as electric current cannot be transmitted across such a gap.

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10
Q

What makes up a neuron?

A 
Cell body
Nucleus
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin sheath
Nodes of ranvier
Axon terminal
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11
Q

What is the function of dendrites and the axon?

A

Dendrites- carry impulses TOWARDS cell body

Axon- carry impulses AWAY from cell body

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12
Q

What is the function of myelin sheath?

A

Is a lipoprotein made my Schwann cells surrounding the axon.

  • speeds up transmission
  • protects and insulates axon
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13
Q

What is the function of nodes of ranvier?

A

Spaces in myelin sheath that supply axon tissue with nutrients and oxygen.

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14
Q

What is Grey and White matter in the brain composed of?

A

Grey- cell bodies and nuclei (tissue of cerebral hemisphere)

White- axons (appears white cause of lipoprotein in myelin sheath)

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15
Q

What supplies the brain with oxygenated blood?

A

Carotid artery

16
Q

What makes up the hind brain?

A

Cerebellum

Medulla oblongata

Pons

17
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum in the hind brain?

A

1- coordinates balance and movement

2- controls other unconscious body functions

18
Q

What is the function of the medulla oblongata in the hind brain?

A

1- contains centres responsible for control of respiration and blood pressure.

19
Q

Name the three sections of the brain?

A

1- Forebrain

2- Mid brain

3- Hind brain

20
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A

To receive stimuli from external and internal environment

To process stimuli

To bring about necessary response

(Receive,process,respond)

21
Q

What is the log fibre that carries the nerve impulses?

A

Axon

22
Q

What is a bundle of axons?

A

A nerve

23
Q

What is the connection between adjacent neurons?

A

Synapse

24
Q

What is the chemical secreted into the gap between neurons at a synapse?

A

Neurotransmitters

25
Q

What is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus?

A

Reflex

26
Q

What is the covering of fatty material that speeds up the passage of nervous impulses?

A

Myelin sheath

27
Q

What is the structure at the end of an axon that produces neurotransmitters to transmit the nerve impulse across the synapse.

A

Axon terminal

28
Q

What is the high speed signals that pass along the axons of nerve cells?

A

Nerve impulses

29
Q

What is the branching filaments that conduct nerve impulses towards the cell?

A

Dendrites

30
Q

What is the reaction to a stimulus by a muscle or a gland?

A

A response

31
Q

What is the sense organ or cells that receive stimuli from within and outside the body?

A

Sense receptor

32
Q

What is the pet of the nerve cell containing the nucleus?

A

Cell body

33
Q

What does the somatic nervous system (voluntary) control?

A

1- controls reflex

2- afferent and efferent nerves

34
Q

What does the autonamic nervous system (involuntary) control?

A

1- parasympathetic n.s

2- sympathetic n.s

3- heart beat, bladder, gut, respiration

35
Q

What does the C.N.S consist of?

A

Brain and spinal cord

36
Q

What does the P.N.S consist of?

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves

OR

Autonamic and somatic nervous systems

Anatomy & Physiology (20 decks)

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