Cell Structure, Osmosis & Diffusion

Question 1

Nucleus function.

Answer 1

Controls all activity of the cell

Question 2

Cytoplasm function

Answer 2

Made of a mixture of substances

Where all chemical reactions take place

Question 3

Ribosomes functions

Answer 3

Make proteins from amino acids

Question 4

Mitochondria function

Answer 4

Makes energy by oxidising glucose

Question 5

Golgi apparatus function

Answer 5

Process and packages proteins

Transports them to cell surface

Question 6

Lysosomes functions

Answer 6

Break down foreign materials for secretion

Question 7

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum function

Answer 7

Production and metabolism of fat and steroid hormones

Question 8

Function of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

Ribosomes attached where proteins are made

Question 9

Cell wall function

Answer 9

Made of tough cellulose

Provides support for plant cell

Question 10

Vacuole function

Answer 10

Stores water and minerals

Also provides support

Question 11

Chloroplasts function

Answer 11

Contain chlorophyll

Traps Light energy for making food (photosynthesis)

Question 12

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 12

Controls entry and exit of substances into the cell

Question 13

Give an example of a unicellular organism (or Microbe)

Answer 13

Yeast

Bacterium

Amoeba

Question 14

What is fermentation in yeast cells?

Answer 14

When yeast converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 15

What is diffusion?

Answer 15

The movement of molecules in a liquid or gas from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are evenly spread across cell membranes

Question 16

What is osmosis?

Answer 16

Osmosis is the diffusion of water from a region of high water concentration to a low concentration through a
SEMI PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.

Question 17

What’s the function of a semi permeable membrane?

Answer 17

It allows certain molecules to pass through but not others

Question 18

What is the difference in concentration of two solutions called?

Answer 18

A concentration gradient

Question 19

Give an example of osmosis in a plant cell and a animal cell.

Answer 19

Plant- wilting is an example of water loss by osmosis

Animal- blood cells float in plasma

Question 20

What do you call a solution that has a higher water concentration?

Answer 20

Hypotonic solution

Question 21

What do you call a solution that has a lower water concentration?

Answer 21

Hypertonic solution

Question 22

What do you call a solution that has an equal concentration to the water concentration within a cell?

Answer 22

Isotonic solution

Question 23

What is a cell called that is in a healthy condition in a solution?

Answer 23

Turgid

Question 24

What is a cell called that is swollen to its maximum size in a solution?

Answer 24

Fully turgid

Question 25

Plasmolysed cells have undergone extreme water loss, what are they referred to?

Answer 25

Referred to as FLACID

Question 26

Define active transport

Answer 26

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration

Assisted by enzymes and requiring energy