Nervous System Flashcards
Divisions of the NS?
CNS & PNS
Functions of NS?
Sensory information input, integration and analyzation, and motor output
Components of CNS?
Brain & Spinal Cord
Functions of CNS?
Process sensory information, produce thoughts, emotions & memories, and stimulate effectors
Components of PNS?
Any nervous tissue besides spinal cord and brain - nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses, sensory receptors
Functions of PNS?
Provide communication network between brain and body
Divisions of PNS?
Somatic, autonomic and enteric branches
What is SNS?
Somatic NS provides voluntary conscious motor responses to only skeletal muscle
What is ANS?
Autonomic NS provides involuntary unconscious motor responses to smooth muscle, glands and non skeletal muscle
Divisions of ANS?
Sympathetic fibers are fight or flight, while parasympathetic are rest/digest functions
Sensory division?
Take sensory responses to brain
Motor division?
Receive motor info from brain
What are action potentials?
The pass of electrical impulses between neurons
Parts of Neuron?
Cell (soma), dendrites and axon
Nuclei?
Cell bodies in CNS
Ganglia?
Cell bodies in PNS
Tracts?
Bundles of processes (axons and dendrites) in CNS
Nerves?
Bundles of processes in PNS
Functions of dendrites?
receive input from neurons - receptive region
Functions of Axon?
Conduct nerve impulses to other nerves from axon hillock to axon terminals
Synapse?
Region of communication between neurons or an effector cell
Synaptic bulbs?
Located at the ends of axon terminal and contain synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitter
Synaptic cleft?
Small space between the axon and the body of another neuron, where neurotransmitters on to the dendrites of the next neuron
Interneurons?
Mainly in CNS and act as middle man between sensory and motor neurons
Astrocytes? CNS
star-shaped, most abundant glia, anchor neurons to blood and create blood-brain barrier
Microglia? CNS
Phagacytose damaged nervous cells
Ependymal? CNS
Line central cavities of the brain and contain cuboidal cells and microvilli and villi to help produce and circulate CSF
Oligodendrocyte? CNS
Form myelin sheath around CNS axons
Satellite? PNS
Similar to astrocytes
Schwann? PNS
Myelinate PNS axons
Functions of Myelin Sheath?
Insulate axons and increase electrical speed
Node of Ranvier?
Gaps in myelin sheath in intervals along axon
White matter?
Mainly myelinated axons
Grey matter?
Unmyelinated axons, dendrites
Matter look in spine?
Grey matter butterfly surrounded by white matter