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nervous/special senses p3 Flashcards

1
Q

WEBER & RINNE TESTS

A

Tuning fork to distinguish between conductive & sensorineural hearing loss to evaluate ability by air conduction compared to bone conduction

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2
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM

A

Screening method assesses appearance, eye contact, consciousness, memory & attention, perception, motor activity, cognitive performance, mood & judgment, sensory deficits, & if patient is danger to self/others

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3
Q

CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY

A

X-ray of vessels in brain after dye injected to diagnose CVA & other injuries/disorders

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4
Q

MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAM

A

Screening method for cognitive impairment & dementia & examine mental functions (attention, thinking, memory, language, ability to follow commands)

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5
Q

AKA: MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAM

A

Folstein test

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6
Q

MYELOGRAM

A

X-ray of cord taken after contrast injected in spine

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7
Q

PSYCHIATRIC REVIEW OF SYSTEMS

A

Helps diagnose mental health conditions by detecting significant issues/recent changes in 9 areas (cognition, psychosis, substance use, mood, neurovegetative, anxiety, eating disorder, violence, & impulse control)

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8
Q

BABINSKI SIGN

A

Reflex where toes curl upward when plantar of foot stimulated; if in person 2 yrs or older it indicates a brain or nervous disorder

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9
Q

NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY (NCV)

A

Electrodes on surface of body over specific nerves to measure speed where impulses travel thru nerve

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10
Q

ISHIHARA COLOR VISION TEST

A

Test for color blindness by looking for # in circle made of dots

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11
Q

TUNING FORK TESTS

A

Any hearing test w/tuning fork to assess ability to detect different pitches

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12
Q

PNEUMATIC OTOSCOPY

A

Exam of external ear & tympanic membrane w/pneumatic otoscope to assess reactivity to pressure changes

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13
Q

OTOSCOPY

A

Visual exam of ear w/otoscope

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14
Q

OTOSCOPE

A

Tool inspects external auditory canal & tympanic membrane

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15
Q

PRECISION NERVE EXAMS

A

Group of neurological exams where 5 different kinds of responses evaluated for abnormalities in CNS and/or PNS

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16
Q

EXTINCTION (PRECISION NERVE EXAM)

A

Patient sit upright w/eyes closed & DR touches trunk/legs in 1 place then 2 & ask patient to identify spots of sensation; extinction = patient can’t point to 2 different areas in part 2

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17
Q

GRAPHESTHESIA (PRECISION NERVE EXAM)

A

Patient identify number/letter written on hands w/eyes closed on both hands

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18
Q

PAIN & LIGHT TOUCH SENSATION (PRECISION NERVE EXAM)

A

Patient supine w/eyes closed & identify objects as sharp or dull

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19
Q

POSITION SENSE (PRECISION NERVE EXAM)

A

Patient eyes closed & identify whether big toe moved up or down by DR on both feet

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20
Q

STEREOGNOSIS (PRECISION NERVE EXAM)

A

Patient eyes closed & identify object placed in hand & repeat w/different object in other hand

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21
Q

NEURORRHAPHY

A

Suturing together ends of severed nerves

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22
Q

HYPNOTIC

A

Drug depress CNS to cause sleep or unconsciousness

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23
Q

ANTICONVULSANT

A

Drug prevents seizures

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24
Q

BARBITURATES

A

Drug class for calming or depressing CNS

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25
SEDATIVE
Drug depress CNS to calm & diminish response w/o sleep w/soothing or tranquilizer effect
26
ANESTHESIA
Absence of normal sensation & pain
27
ANESTHETIC
Medication to induce anesthesia (topical, local, regional, or general)
28
EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA
Regional (stop nerve conduction) into epidural space of lumbar/sacral region
29
SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Regional injection into subarachnoid space so patient is conscious but numb from waist/lower chest down
30
AKA: SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Spinal block
31
DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION (DBS)
Treatment of dystonia, tremors, & Parkinson’s by stimulating w/mild electrical signals via an implanted device
32
STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY (SRS)
Use 3D coordinates to find small tumors to minimize damage to good tissue & then special frame to focus precise beams of radiation to treat inoperable cancer
33
GAMMA KNIFE SURGERY
Radiation treatment for brain tumors w/o using a knife or incision; an example of stereotactic radiosurgery
34
ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY (ECT)
Small electric currents pass thru brain causing brief seizures/convulsions to reverse symptoms & change brain chemistry to improve motor function in Parkinson’s patients & treat severe depression
35
AKA: ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY
Electroshock therapy
36
LOBECTOMY
Surgical removal of part of brain to treat cancer or seizure
37
THALAMOTOMY
Surgical incision into thalamus to destroy the cells & quiet tremors of Parkinson’s
38
TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (TMS)
Brief, powerful electromagnetic pulses alter pathways to treat severe depression, Parkinson’s, & other conditions
39
RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION (RFA)
Minimally invasive procedure that burns nerves to prevent pain signal transmission to treat chronic & arthritic pain
40
AKA: RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION
Rhizotomy
41
NEUROTOMY
Surgical division or dissection of nerve to relieve pain & suppress tremors
42
PSYCHOTROPIC DRUG
Primarily acts on CNS by temporarily affecting mind, emotion, & behavior to control pain & treat narcolepsy/attention disorder
43
ANTIDEPRESSANT
Psychotropic drug that prevent/relieve depression, treat OCD & general anxiety, & relieve chronic pain
44
ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG
Psychotropic drug that treat s/s of severe thinking & mood disorders w/neurological & psychiatric illness (schizophrenia spectrum disorder, schizoaffective disorder, mania, delusional disorders, severe depression, PTSD, Alzheimer’s, & personality disorder)
45
ANXIOLYTIC DRUG
Psychotropic drug that relieve anxiety & tension & can be used as sedative before anesthesia
46
AKA: ANXIOLYTIC DRUG
Antianxiety drug/tranquilizer
47
MOOD-STABILIZING DRUG
Treat mood instability & bipolar disorders
48
STIMULANT
Drug increases brain activity causing an increase in concentration & awakeness to treat ADHD & narcolepsy; overuse will cause sleeplessness & heart palpitations
49
PSYCHOANALYSIS
Gain insight into one’s feelings/behavior patterns, finding if mental disorder stemmed from childhood
50
EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION & REPROCESSING THERAPY (EMDR)
Revisit traumatic memories & focus on physical, bilateral stimuli
51
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
Identify problem behavior to then replace w/good behavior to cause behavior change by using rewards & consequences
52
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT)
Change thoughts affecting emotion/action by challenging thru logic/evidence/testing to change problematic beliefs; end result is improved awareness of negative thought process & ability to counter negative thoughts
53
HYPNOTHERAPY
Altered state of increased focus & attention that causes patient to be willing to believe & act on suggestion; used for pain relief, reduce anxiety, & modify behavior
54
AKA: HYPNOTHERAPY
Hypnosis
55
ORBITOTOMY
Surgical incision into orbit for biopsy, drain abscess, or remove tumor/foreign body
56
TARSORRHAPHY
Partial/complete suturing of upper & lower lids to protect eye when lids paralyzed/can’t close or heal corneal lesions
57
ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) INJECTIONS
Intravitreal injections to treat wet macular degeneration by slowing growth of abnormal blood vessels
58
CORNEAL TRANSPLANT
Replace scarred/disease cornea; very common & successful
59
AKA: CORNEAL TRANSPLANT
Keratoplasty
60
ENUCLEATION
Removal of eyeball leaving eye muscles intact & done if eye irrecoverable diseased/damaged
61
OCULAR PROSTHESIS
Fitted over malformed eye/replace complete eye
62
AKA: OCULAR PROSTHESIS
Artificial eye
63
RADIAL KERATOTOMY (RK)
Surgical procedure to treat myopia by flattening cornea to bring the focal point closer to retina
64
SCLERAL BUCKLE
Silicone band/sponge repairs detached retina by being sutured to sclera over retina causing indentation/buckle inside eye
65
VITRECTOMY
Removal of vitreous humor & replace w/saline to treat retinal detachment or diabetic retinopathy caused by blood leakage
66
CATARACT SURGERY
Surgical removal of cataract & replace w/artificial intraocular lens
67
PHACOEMULSIFICATION
Ultrasonic vibration shatter & aspirate lens & intraocular lens placed tru small opening to restore vision in ppl w/cataracts
68
AKA: PHACOEMULSIFICATION
Phaco
69
INTRAOCULAR LENS
Surgically implanted replaced lens either monofocal or multifocal
70
LASER IRIDOTOMY
Focused beam of light causes a hole in iris to treat closed-angle glaucoma
71
LASER TRABECULOPLASTY
Treats open angle glaucoma by creating openings in trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly
72
LASER-ASSISTED IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS (LASIK)
Treat vision conditions by opening a flap on cornea to change shape of deep corneal layer & UV laser corrects refraction errors (myopia, hyperopia, & astigmatism)
73
PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATOTOMY (PRK)
Similar to LASIK where outer layer of cornea removed & discarded & laser changes shape of deep corneal layer & outer layer of cornea grows back
74
LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION
Treat diabetic retinopathy & AMD by sealing leaking/damaged blood vessels & intentionally creating scar tissue to repair small retinal tears or holes
75
PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY
Gas bubble injected into vitreous cavity causing pressure on detached area while healing & bubble gradually dissipates
76
OTOPLASTY
Surgical repair/restoration/alteration of pinna
77
EAR TUBES
Tiny ventilating tubes through eardrum to drain fluid & relieve pressure
78
AKA: EAR TUBES
Tympanostomy tubes
79
MASTOIDECTOMY
Surgical removal of part of mastoid process to treat uncontrollable mastoiditis or prep cochlear implant placement
80
MYRINGOTOMY
Small incision in eardrum to relieve pressure from pus/fluid or create opening for ear tubes
81
STAPEDECTOMY
Removal of stapes & insert small prosthetic to conduct sound vibrations to inner ear
82
TYMPANOPLASTY
Surgical correction of hole in eardrum to cure chronic inflammation or restore function
83
LABYRINTHECTOMY
Surgical removal of all/part of labyrinth to relieve uncontrolled vertigo but will cause complete deafness in affected ear
84
VESTIBULAR REHABILITATION THERAPY (VRT)
Physical therapy to treat balance disorders
85
ASSISTIVE LISTENING DEVICE (ALD)
Transmits/processes/amplifies sound w/ or w/o hearing aid & eliminates distracting background noises
86
COCHLEAR IMPLANT
Bypasses damaged part of ear to auditory nerve by capturing sound & turning it into digital signals to be read by electrodes implanted into cochlea
87
HEARING AIDS
Electronic devices to correct hearing loss (analog or digital)
88
BIOFEEDBACK
Greater awareness of physiological function relieves anxiety & stress
89
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SHUNT
Drains CSF in controlled way from ventricles to abdomen/heart to treat hydrocephalus
90
EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPIES
Dance, art, or music improve mental & emotional well-being
91
LIGHT THERAPY
Specialized light source replicates sunlight to treat seasonal affective disorder
92
NERVE BLOCK
Local/regional anesthetic/anesthesia to prevent pain near nerve
93
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Emphasize verbal & nonverbal communication in 1-on-1/family/group settings for desired response or actions to help psychiatric disorders
94
MOOD STABILIZER
Prevent extremely high/low emotional states & decreases behaviors associated w/certain mental illness
95
LASER THERAPY
Surgical/therapeutic use of devices generating concentrated beams of light & can excise/resurface tissue
96
ANESTHETIST
Specialize in anesthesia administration, but not a physician
97
PSYCHIATRIST
Diagnose & treat chemical dependencies, emotional problems, & mental illnesses
98
PSYCHOLOGIST
Not an MD; evaluates & treats emotional problems & mental illnesses
99
SOCIAL WORKER
Trained therapist
100
OPHTHALMOLOGIST
Physician diagnose & treat full spectrum of eye disease & can perform eye surgery
101
OPTOMETRIST
Has doctor of optometry degree & provides primary eye care
102
OPTICIAN
Practitioner that designs, fits, & dispenses lenses for vision correction

Roots (17 decks)

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