nervous pt1 vocab

Question 1

nerve cell

Answer 1

neuron

Question 2

an action potential

Answer 2

impulse

Question 3

functional connection between the axon terminal of a neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron or the membrane of another cell type

Answer 3

synapse

Question 4

the chemical that an axon secretes at a synapse that stimulates or inhibits an effector (muscle or gland) or another neuron

Answer 4

neurotransmitters

Question 5

part of a neuron that includes cytoplasm and a nucleus, and from which nerve processes extend

Answer 5

cell body

Question 6

the process of a neuron that receives input from other neurons

Answer 6

dendrite

Question 7

the process that conducts an impulse away from the neuron cell body. A nerve fiber

Answer 7

axon

Question 8

The brain and spinal cord

Answer 8

central nervous system(CNS)

Question 9

parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord

Answer 9

peripheral nervous system(PNS)

Question 10

Specialized cells of the nervous system that, depending on the type of neuroglia, produce myelin, maintain the ionic environment, provide growth factors that support neurons, provide structural support, and play a role in cell-to-cell communication

Answer 10

neuroglia

Question 11

specialized structure associated with the peripheral end of a sensory neuron-specific to detecting a particular stimulus and triggering an impulse in response

Answer 11

sensory receptor

Question 12

a muscle or gland, either of which can effect change in the body

Answer 12

effectors

Question 13

motor pathways of the peripheral nervous system that lead to skeletal muscles

Answer 13

somatic nervous system

Question 14

the motor portion of the peripheral nervous system that controls the viscera and operates without conscious effort

Answer 14

autonomic nervous system

Question 15

lipid material that forms a sheath-like covering around some axons. it provides electrical insulation

Answer 15

myelin

Question 16

lipid-rich layer formed from certain neuroglia that wraps around an axon providing insulation

Answer 16

Myelin sheath

Question 17

fine, cytoplasmic threads that extend from the cell body to the axon for its entire length

Answer 17

Neurofilaments

Question 18

(nissl bodies) membranous sacs in the cytoplasm of neurons that have ribosomes attached to their surfaces

Answer 18

Chromatophilic substance

Question 19

outer layer formed from schwann cells on the exterior of some axons, outside of the myelin sheath

Answer 19

Neurilemma

Question 20

the manu agps in the myelin sheath along axons of myelinated neurons of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 20

Nodes of ranvier

Question 21

mass of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system

Answer 21

Ganglion(plural, ganglia)

Question 22

neuron that conducts impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

Answer 22

Sensory neuron

Question 23

neuron within the CNS, often connection a sensory neuron and a motor neuron; internuncial or association neuron

Answer 23

Interneuron

Question 24

1) the dense core of an atom, composed of protons and usually neutrons. 2) cellular organelle enclosed by double-layered, porous membrane and containing DNA 3) masses of interneuron cell bodies in the central nervous system

Answer 24

Nucleus(plural, nuclei)

Question 25

neuron that conducts impulses from the central nervous system to an effector

Answer 25

Motor neuron