integumentary system vocab

Question 1

skin and its accessory structures

Answer 1

Integumentary system

Question 2

covers the body as skin

Answer 2

Cutaneous membranes

Question 3

lines body cavities that don’t open to the outside

Answer 3

Serous membranes

Question 4

lines cavities and tubes opening to body’s outside

Answer 4

Mucous membranes

Question 5

lines joint cavities

Answer 5

Synovial membranes

Question 6

condition in which the blood doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells

Answer 6

Anemic

Question 7

bluish discoloration of skin caused by heart or breathing problems

Answer 7

Cyanosis

Question 8

yellowish discoloration of skin (and white of eyes) caused by liver problems

Answer 8

Jaundice

Question 9

outermost tissue layer of the skin composed of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 9

Epidermis

Question 10

layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis, composed mainly of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures

Answer 10

Dermis

Question 11

pigment that determines the color of hair and skin

Answer 11

Melanin

Question 12

cell found in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin

Answer 12

Melanocyte

Question 13

genetic disorder that affects the skin, in which there is no melanin production

Answer 13

albinism

Question 14

skin condition in which melanocytes in certain areas lose the ability to produce melanin, possible due to an autoimmune reaction that leads to loss of color in patches

Answer 14

Vitiligo

Question 15

the rate of cell division of epidermal cells increases when skin is rubbed or pressed regularly (stressed), resulting in thickened areas

Answer 15

Callus

Question 16

form a unique type of callus that is created by tension on the skin of the rim of the heel

Answer 16

Heel fissures

Question 17

keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis

Answer 17

Hair

Question 18

cavity or sac from which hair originates

Answer 18

Hair follicle

Question 19

part of hair that is below the epidermis anchored to the follicle

Answer 19

Hair root

Question 20

mass of connective tissue, blood capillaries, and nerve endings at the base of the hair follicle

Answer 20

Hair papilla

Question 21

type of structural protein that gives skin, hair, and nails its hard, water-resistant properties

Answer 21

Keratin

Question 22

excessive body hair on parts of body where hair is normally absent usually on chin, chest, face, or body

Answer 22

Hirsutism

Question 23

loss of hair

Answer 23

Alopecia

Question 24

infant completely covered in thin lanugo hair

Answer 24

Congenital hypertrichosis

Question 25

very thin, soft, usually unpigmented downy hair that is found on the body of newborn

Answer 25

Lanugo

Question 26

dark hair has more of the brownish-black pigment

Answer 26

Eumelanin

Question 27

blonde or red hair have more of the reddish-blonde pigment

Answer 27

Pheomelanin

Question 28

smooth muscle that is activated in response to external stimuli that pull on hair follicles and make the hair “stand up”

Answer 28

Arrector pili muscle

Question 29

layer of epidermis upon which the nail body forms

Answer 29

Nail bed

Question 30

overlies the nail bed

Answer 30

Nail plate

Question 31

basal part of the nail body that consists of a crescent-shaped layer of thick epithelium

Answer 31

Lunula

Question 32

thickening and curvature of nail

Answer 32

Onychogryphosis

Question 33

type of oil gland found in the dermis all over the body and helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair by secreting sebum

Answer 33

Sebaceous gland

Question 34

oily substance that is composed of a mixture of lipids that lubricates the skin and hair

Answer 34

Sebum

Question 35

sweat gland that produces odor

Answer 35

Sudoriferous gland

Question 36

type of sweat gland that is associated with hair follicles in the armpits and genital regions

Answer 36

Apocrine sweat gland

Question 37

type of sweat gland that is common throughout the skin surface; sweat is released outside of body through a por

Answer 37

Eccrine sweat gland

Question 38

modified sweat gland that secretes earwax

Answer 38

Ceruminous gland

Question 39

modified sweat glands that secrete milk

Answer 39

Mammary glands

Question 40

occurs when too much UV radiation reaches the skin, causing inflammation

Answer 40

Acute sunburn

Question 41

begins when UV radiation mutates the DNA of a skin cell

Answer 41

Skin cancer

Question 42

cancer that originates from basal cells in the epidermis of the skin

Answer 42

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 43

type of skin cancer that originates from the stratum spinosum of the epidermis

Answer 43

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 44

type of skin cancer that originates from the melanocytes if the skin

Answer 44

Melanoma

Question 45

is a disorder of the sebaceous glands due to too much oil flow

Answer 45

Acne

Question 46

caused by an immune system reaction to an allergen, causing a red scaliness

Answer 46

Allergic contact dermatitis

Question 47

caused by an irritating substance (not an immune system reaction) causing red, itchy, blistery skin

Answer 47

Irritant contact dermatitis

Question 48

a rise in body temperature

Answer 48

Hyperthermia

Question 49

a decrease in body temperature

Answer 49

hypothermia

Question 50

superficial burn that injures only the epidermis

Answer 50

first-degree burn

Question 51

partial-thickness burn that injures the epidermis and a portion of the dermis

Answer 51

Second-degree burn

Question 52

burn that penetrates and destroys the full thickness of the skin (epidermis and dermis)

Answer 52

Third-degree burn

Question 53

burn in which full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone is damaged

Answer 53

Fourth-degree burn

Question 54

transplantation of skin

Answer 54

Skin graft

Question 55

collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that is different from normal skin

Answer 55

Scar

Question 56

type of scar that has layers raised above the skin surface

Answer 56

Keloid