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MRCP > Nephrology > Flashcards

Nephrology Flashcards

1
Q

Renal biopsy findings of Glomerular crescents is indicative of…

a) what glomerulonephritis
b) what condition associated

A

a) rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

b) Granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) AKA Wegeners

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2
Q

Renal biopsy findings of Mesangial hypercellularity is indicative of..

a) glomerulonephritis
b) associated with which conditions

A

a) Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

b) post strep GN, SLE, IgA nephropathy/ Henoch Schonlein purpura

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3
Q

Renal biopsy findings of subendothelial and mesangial immune complex deposits -“tram tracks” is indicative of…

a) what glomerulonephritis
b) what condition associated

A

a - membranoproliferative GN

b - cryoglobulinaemia, hep C

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4
Q

Renal biopsy findings of fusion of podocytes and effacement of foot processes is indicative of…

a) what glomerulonephritis
b) what condition associated

A

a - minimal change GN

b - nephrotic syndrome

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5
Q

Renal biopsy findings of thickened basement membrane is indicative of…

a) what glomerulonephritis
b) what condition associated

A

a - membranous GN

b - idiopathic, drugs

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6
Q

Epididymohorchitis management

A
  1. Rule out testicular torsion

2. Ceftriaxone 500mg IM stat + Doxycycline 100mg PO BD 2 weeks

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7
Q

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome triad features (3)

A

Aki
Haemolytic anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
Usually in children

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8
Q

Renal biopsy findings of longitudinal splitting of lamina densa (basket weave appearance) is indicative of…

a) what glomerulonephritis
b) what condition associated

A

A) abnormal glomerular basement membrane

B) alport syndrome, good pastures

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9
Q

Von hippel lindau (auto dominant, chromo 3) features (5)

A 
Haemangioma - cerebella (SAH), retinal
Renal cyst - pre malignant
Phaeochromocytoma
Extrarenal cysts - hepatic, pancreatic 
Clear cell renal ca
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10
Q

Amyloidosis Ix

A

Congo red staining: apple-green bifringence

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11
Q 
Renal Stone Management
<2cm	
>2cm
Staghorn 
<5mm
A

<2cm - Lithotripsy
>2cm - Ureteroscopy
Staghorn - Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
<5mm - watch and wait

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12
Q

Alport syndrome
Inheritance
Features
Renal biopsy

A

inheritance - X linked dominant
Features - Childhood, microscopic haematuria, bilateral sensorineural deafness, retinitis, AKI
Renal biopsy - splitting of lamina densa (basket wave)

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13
Q

Adult polycystic kidney disease Mx

A

Tolvaptan (vassopressin 2 receptor antagonist()

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14
Q

Renal stones X ray
cystine
urate
xanthine

A

cystine - semi opaque

urate + xanthine - radio-lucent

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15
Q

Nephrogenic DI Mx

A

Thiazides

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16
Q

Renal transplant HLA mismatch, which HLA is most important?

A

DR

17
Q

Minimal change GN Mx

A

Steroids

18
Q

Fibromuscular displasia

Features (3)

A

young female, hypertension, asymmetrical kidneys

19
Q

Most common cause of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis

A

Staph epidermidis (coagulase negative)

20
Q 
Cystinuria
Inheritance
Features
Ix
Mx
A

In - autosomal recessive
F - recurrent renal stones (cystine - radio lucent)
Ix - cyanide-nitroprusside test
Mx - Hydration, penicillamine

21
Q

Germ Cell tumour markers
seminoma
non-seminoma

A

seminonma - hCG

non - AFP/ hCG

22
Q

Idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis antibodies

A

anti-phospholipase A2

23
Q

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
features (3)
most common cause

A

anaemia, AKI, thrombocytopenia

E. Coli

24
Q

Raised anion gap causes (4) = normal is 10 - 18

A

lactate: sepsis, shock
ketones: DKA, alcohol
urate: AKI
Acid poison: salicylates, methanol

25
Q

spirinolcatone SE

A

gynaecomastia, hyperK

26
Q

post strep GN vs IgA neph post URTI duration

A

post strep GN - 1-2 weeks

iGa neph - 1-2 days post URTI

27
Q

Renal artery stenosis
Features (3)
Ix

A

flash pulmonary oedema, AKI, asymmetrical kidneys

MR angiography

28
Q

Proteinuria Mx

A

ACEi

29
Q

Most common/ severe SLE related renal disease?

A

Diffuse proliferative GN

MRCP (14 decks)

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