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MRCP > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

1
Q

Barretts oesophagus epithelial lining

A

columnar (normal is squamous)

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2
Q 
Stomach cells and associations
G
S
I
D
A

Gastrin - secretes HCL
Secretin
I CCK
D somatostatin

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3
Q

Gilbert’s syndrome

Ix

A

Autosomal recessive

Ix - rise in bilirubin following prolonged fast OR nicotinic acid test

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4
Q

C. DIff

a) cause
b) Ix

A

a) cephalosporins, clindamycin

b) Ix - C Diff Toxin (stool)

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5
Q

C. Diff Mx

A

1st - Oral Vanc 10 days
2nd - oral Fidaxomicin
3rd (if life threatening) - oral Vanc + IV Metro
4th - consider surgery

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6
Q 
Hepatitis B serology
HBsAG (surface antigen)
Anti-HBs (surface antibody)
Anti-HBc (core antibody)
HBeAg
A

HBsAg - infected
Anti-HBs - immunity.
Anti-HBc - IgM current infection. IgG chronic infection.
HbeAg - marker of infectivity.

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7
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis autoantibodies

Type 1, 2, 3

A

1 - ANA/ SMA - effects all
2 - LKM1 (anti liver/ kidney microsomal type 1 Ab) - children only
3 - soluble liver-kidney antigen - adults

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8
Q

Duodenum absorbs what electrolytes (2)

A

iron, calcium

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9
Q

H Pylori Mx

A

PPI + amoxicillin + metronidazole/ clarithromycin

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10
Q

small bowel overgrowth syndrome
Ix
Mx

A

Hydrogen breath test - 1st line
Jejunal aspirate - gold standard
Mx - rifampicin

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11
Q

Primary biliary cholangitis
Ix
Mx

A

Ix - Anti mitochondrial, Anti smooth muscle, raise IgM

Mx - ursodeoxycholic acid, liver transplant (if BR >100)

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12
Q

H pylori Ix

A

Urea breath test

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13
Q

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

a) most common bacteria
b) Mx
c) prophylaxis (protein <15)

A

a) e coli
b) IV Cefotaxime
c) Oral Ciprofloxacin

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14
Q

Oesophageal/ gastric ca Ix

A

Endoscopic ultrasound

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15
Q

Budd Chiari syndrome/ hepatic vein thrombosis Mx

A

1st - Ultrasound

Gold standard - hepatic venogram

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16
Q

pancreatic ca Ix

A

CT high res CAP

17
Q

Barium swallow oesophagus results

a) dilated tapering
b) corkscrew
c) stricture with apple core effect

A

a) achalasia
b) oesophagitis
c) cancer

18
Q

Wilsons disease
Ix
Mx

A

Ix - reduced serum caeroplasmin

Mx - Penicillamine

19
Q

Pernicious anaemia (B12 def) Ix

A

Intrinsic factor antibodies

20
Q 
Whipple's disease
Cause
HLA association
Jejunal biopsy
Mx
A

a) Tropheryma whippelii
b) HLA B27
c) deposition of macrophages containing Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) granules
d) Co-trimoxazole

21
Q

Achalasia Ix gold standard

A

oesophageal manometry

22
Q

Wilson’s disease Features (3)

A

Young adult
Neuropsychitric symptoms
derranged LFTs

23
Q

Bile acid malabsorption
Ix
Mx

A

Ix - SeHCAT

Mx - cholestyramine

24
Q

Liver cirrhosis Ix

A

transient elastography

25
Q

Terlipressin MOA

A

constriction of splanchnic veins

MRCP (14 decks)

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