Neonatal Jaundice Flashcards
When see jaundice in sclera?
Around 40
When see jaundice in skin?
Around 80
Factors in neonatal jaundice to consider?
Lighting
Skin colour
Thin sclera
Red skin when in baby
Saturation of babies in utero?
50-60% , which is why they’re blue when born
Reference range of bilirubin in adults
Less than 20
How long does RBC live for in baby?
60 days
Bilirubin cycle?
Haem-bilirubin-albumin-liver cell-defecate
Why bilirubin unconjugated in fetus?
Because if conjugated, can’t cross placenta.
Normal bilirubin level in fetus?
30-40
how many babies get Hyperbilirubinaemia?
100%
Jaundice is different
Brain damage from hyperbilirubinaemia affects what parts?
Basal ganglia and other gray matter areas
Athetoid CP
Athetoid CP, IQ?
Not affected
When worry about bilirubin levels in fetus? Threshold?
Greater than 340
When does biliary atresia occur?
Not right at birth
Jaundice in first 24 hours?
BIG TROUBLE.
Haemolysis
Number 1 cause of haemolysis?
Antibodies - Rhesus D
ABO - usually doesn’t because IgM,
Coombs +ve. If IgG
What test to see how many fetal cells in maternal blood?
Kleihauer Test
Why is Kell so dangerous?
Expressed early, around 16 weeks
Why is “c” antibodies important in testing?
Usually not tested in Rhesus tests. Need different test
Hydrops
Thick, oedema, pulmonary oedema,
If fetal Anaemia, how to treat?
Fetal transfusion
Delivery (depending on gestation)
2 tests important in preg blood
Blood group
Indirect anti-globulin test
G6PD, who’s likely to get it?
Males
X-linked
What triggers G6PD?
Aspirin
Antimalarials
Moth balls: naphthalene - inhaled/transdermal, clothes or bedding