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Jason's MD3 Women's > Menopause > Flashcards

Menopause Flashcards

1
Q

Blood test for menopause?

A

Unreliable

FSH usually gradual rise

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2
Q

Menopause hormones?

A

Decreased estradiol/progesterone

Androgen same

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3
Q

Premature menopause is when?

A
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4
Q

Smoking and menopause?

A

1-2 years earlier if smoker

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5
Q

Hysterectomy for menopause?

A

Reduced age of menopause

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6
Q

Menopause cause?

A

Run out of oocytes

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7
Q

Accelerated loss of ovarian primordial follicles at what age?

A

37

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8
Q

Risk of irregular anovulatory cycles?

A

Prolonged unopposed estrogen
Endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
NEEDS investigations

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9
Q

Consequences of menopause? Short term?

A

Vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes)
Vaginal dryness, atrophic vaginitis
Sleep disturbance
Mood disturbance

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10
Q

Medium to long term consequences of menopause? More likely if early menopause

A

Bone density
Risk of #s
Alzheimer’s
Cardiovascular

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11
Q

Ask what for menopause?

A

What is impacting them the most? Directs management

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12
Q

What happens if you have irregular periods in the perimenopausal time?

A

Need to investigate, could be endometrial cancer, pregnant,

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13
Q

When do hot flushes end?

A

50% Most women: will last 5-8 years

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14
Q

What are skeletal toxin?

A

Excess alcohol and caffeine

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15
Q

Iatrogenic causes of premature menopause?

A

Chemo or radiation for cancers

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16
Q

When is early menopause?

A

40-45

17
Q

When is premature menopause?

A

Before 40

18
Q

Other reasons for premature menopause? Genetic?

A

Turner’s, fragile X

Autoimmune

19
Q

Dx of premature menopause?

A

Amenorrhoea greater than 4 months

20
Q

Dx of premature menopause?

A

FSH, E2 on two occasions
Prolactin, TFT bHCG
Karyotyping

21
Q

What is in HRT?

A

Estrogen to treat symptoms

Progesterone to protect endometrium

22
Q

Best way to give HRT?

A

Transdermal, less likely to get DVTs

23
Q

What to do with premature menopause HRT?

A

Take COC

24
Q

HRT used for how long?

A

Shortest time, lowest dose to take care of symptoms

25
Q

Oestrogen alone bad how?

A

Risk of trike
VTE, PE
Cholecystitis
Endometrial hyperplasia and cancer for woman with uterus

26
Q

Combined HRT risks?

A

Breast cancer IF >5 years

27
Q

Contraindications for HRT

A

Hormone sensitive cancers

28
Q

Tibolone is?

A

Weak estrogen

29
Q

What do no hormonal therapies change?

A

Only vasomotor symptoms

NOT depression, sleep, urogenital.

30
Q

What available non-hormonal therapies?

A

Gabapentin
SSRI/SNRI
Clonidine

Jason's MD3 Women's (58 decks)

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