Neonatal Disease

Question 1

What is the best initial test if you suspect RDS?

Answer 1

Chest X-ray

Question 2

What are the typical x-ray findings in RDS?

Answer 2

Ground glass opacity of lungs – looks solid like liver; air bronchograms; unclear heart border.

Question 3

What is the most accurate test for RDS Dx?

Answer 3

Lecithin:sphingomyelin ratio (L:S ratio)

Question 4

What may be the cause of respiratory distress in a neonate that had a rapid 2nd stage of labor or a c-section at term?

Answer 4

TTN (transient tachypnea of the newborn)

Question 5

What is the cause of TTN?

Answer 5

Retained amniotic fluid in lungs

Question 6

Neonate in respiratory distress: scaphoid abdomen, bowel sounds in chest.

Answer 6

Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 7

Neonate with meconium ileus has _______ until proven otherwise.

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis

Question 8

What is the best initial test for no passage of meconium?

Answer 8

Abdominal x-ray

Question 9

What is the typical barium enema finding in meconium ileus?

Answer 9

Microcolon (narrowing distal to obstruction)

Question 10

What should u suspect if the baby has bilious vomiting from the first feeds?

Answer 10

Duodenal atresia

Question 11

Air in the stomach on x-ray?

Answer 11

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Question 12

If you see a TE fistula, look for _______ abnormalities.

Answer 12

Cardiac and other

Question 13

Double bubble sign.

Answer 13

Duodenal atresia

Question 14

What is the most accurate test for Hirschsprung’s disease?

Answer 14

Biopsy of structured segment of colon showing aganglionosis.