Airway and Lung Disease Flashcards
What is the most common cause of stridor in young children?
Laryngamalacia
What is laryngomalacia? What causes it?
Collapse of the supraglottic structures; weakness and small diameter.
What would cause recurrent/persistent croup in a small child?
Congenital supraglottic stenosis.
How is the definitive Dx of laryngomalacia or congenital supraglottic stenosis made?
Laryngoscopy
What is the Tx for severe congenital supraglottic stenosis?
Cricoid split and reconstructive surgery.
What is the first test for suspected foreign body aspiration?
X-ray
What do you see on x-ray in foreign body aspiration?
Air-trapping, hyperinflation
What modality is both diagnostic and curative for foreign body aspiration?
RIGID bronchoscopy
What is the most common cause of bronchitis?
Viral inf.
What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis?
RSV
What is the common Tx for RSV bronchiolitis?
Supportive and trial of β-agonist. (Not steroids.)
What are the 3 most common causes of bacterial pneumonia in children?
S. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Which type of pneumonia causes a staccato cough and peripheral eosinophilia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Which pathogens cause pneumonia w/ pneumatoceles on CXR?
Staph.
What is the best way to Dx mycoplasma pneumonia?
IgM titers
