12/21/12 Flashcards
What is the classic EEG finding of absence seizures?
generalized, symmetrical 3-Hz spike-and-wave pattern on a normal background
How do you provoke the typical EEG pattern of absence seizures?
hyperventilation
What 2 meds are the top choices for treating petit mal (absence) seizures?
etyhosuximide or valproic acid
What is the initial drug of choice for partial seizures?
phenytoin
Why doesn’t normal separation anxiety begin in infants until 9-18 months?
object permanence develops at 6 months
Why must you x-ray the neck of children w/ acquired torticollis?
to rule out fractured or dislocated cervical vertebreae
What are the 4 most common etiologies of acquired torticollis in children?
URI, minor trauma, cervical lymphadenitis, and retropharyngeal abscess
What, again, is the classic tetrad of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura?
lower extremity palpable purpura, arthritis/arthralgias, abd. pain, and renal disease
What is seen on the biopsy of small blood vessels in HSP?
vascular wall granulocytes
In pts w/ sickle cell disease, acute severe anemia with low or absent reticulocytes is consistent with _______.
aplastic crisis
What is the classic CSF finding in Guillain-Barre syndrome?
albumino-cytologic dissociation (very elevated protein, slightly elevated cells)
What are the 2 main Tx’s for Guillain-Barre syndrome?
plasmapheresis or IVIg
What is the most common manifestation of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome? What is the primary pathophysiologic cause?
thrombocytopenia; decreased plt production
What is usually the cause of acute, unilateral lymphadenitis in children?
Bacterial (S. aureus or GAS)
What are the 2 main clinical manifestations of intussuseption?
abdominal pain and red currant jelly stools
