12/14/12

Question 1

What disease are ash leaf spots associated with?

Answer 1

tuberous sclerosis

Question 2

Briefly describe the growth pattern in constitutional growth delay.

Answer 2

normal birth ht. and wt.; drops percentiles between 6 mos and 3 yrs.; regains normal growth rate at a low percentile; puberty is delayed; normal adult ht. is achieved.

Question 3

What test can be used to Dx constitutional growth delay? Findings?

Answer 3

bone scan; delayed bone age

Question 4

What is the pathofizz of breast milk jaundice? When does it usu. peak?

Answer 4

A factor in human breast milk causes increased absorption of bilirubin. 2 wks.

Question 5

What is the next best step in breast milk jaundice?

Answer 5

cease breast feeding

Question 6

What is bullous myringitis?

Answer 6

formation of bullae on tympanic membrane as a complication of otitis media

Question 7

What pathogen is most associated with bullous myringitis?

Answer 7

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 8

What is the most likely long-term complication of vesicoureteral reflux if left untreated?

Answer 8

renal scarring –> may lead to end-stage kidney disease

Question 9

What is the besy diagnositc test for vesicoureteral reflux?

Answer 9

voiding cystourethrogram

Question 10

What imaging study should be done routinely in first UTI?

Answer 10

US

Question 11

Which children should undergo voiding cystourethrogram?

Answer 11

recurrent febrile UTIs

Question 12

What are the 2 major concerns in a supracondylar fracture of the humerus?

Answer 12

neurovascular injury and compartment syndrome?

Question 13

Which complication of supracondylar fracture would be associated with the 6 P’s: severe pain, pallor, poikilothermia, parasthesias, and later, pulselessness and paralysis?

Answer 13

compartment syndrome

Question 14

What is craniosynostosis?

Answer 14

sutures close earlier than usual

Question 15

What heart defect would cause a child to tire easily with a widely split, fixed S2 and a systolic ejection murmur at the left lower sternal border?

Answer 15

ASD

Question 16

What are the typical murmurs of VSD?

Answer 16

pansystolic murmur `at left lower sternal border and diastolic rumble @ apex

Question 17

Should vaccines be given to premies according to their chronological or gestational age?

Answer 17

chronological

Question 18

What is the exception to the usual rule for premie vaccination schedule?

Answer 18

Do not give HBV vaccine until 2 kg.

Question 19

What is the most common congenital cause of aplastic anemia in children?

Answer 19

Fanconi’s Anemia

Question 20

What are some physical appearance abnormalities of Fanconi’s anemia?

Answer 20

short stature, microcephaly, hypogonadism, hypopigmented areas/freckles.

Question 21

Numerous genes have been implicated in Fanconi’s anemia. What process are all of these genes involved in?

Answer 21

DNA repair

Question 22

How do you Dx Fanconi’s anemia?

Answer 22

clinical findings + chromosomal breaks on genetic analysis

Question 23

What is the definitive Tx for aplastic anemia?

Answer 23

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Question 24

5-15% of pts with thymoma have _______ aplasia.

Answer 24

pure red cell

Question 25

What is the inheritance pattern of Fanconi’s anemia?

Answer 25

AR

Question 26

What are the most common pathogens of viral meningitis?

Answer 26

non-polio enteroviruses, e.g. echo- and coxsackieviruses

Question 27

What vitamin should be administered to children w/ measles in underceveloped regions?

Answer 27

Vit. A