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PARASITOLOGY > NEMATODES (ROUNDWORMS) > Flashcards

NEMATODES (ROUNDWORMS) Flashcards

1
Q

Cylindrical, unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical bodies

A

nematodes

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2
Q

produce unembryonated eggs (undergo external embryonation/outside uterus)

A

ociparous

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3
Q

oviparous nematodes

A

A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, Hookworms

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4
Q

produce embryonated eggs (internal embryonation)

A

ovo-viviparous

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5
Q

examples of ovoviviparous nematodes

A

E. vermicularis, S. stercoralis

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6
Q

do not lay eggs; produce larvae

A

T. spiralis, Filarial worms, D. medinensis, D, immitis (Dog filaria)

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7
Q

cephalic chemoreceptors present in all nematodes

A

amphids

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8
Q

caudal chemoreceptors

A

phasmids

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9
Q

phasmids are absent in ____

A

Trichiuris, Trichinella, Capillaria spp (aphasmideans)

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10
Q

nematodes in the small intestine

A

CASH
- C. philippinensis
- A. lumbricoides
- S. stercoralis
- Hookworms

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11
Q

nematodes in the large intestine

A

E. vermicularis, T. trichiura

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12
Q

Extraintestinal nematode

A

T. spiralis, Filarials, D. medinensis, agents of larva migrans

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13
Q

produces significant clinical manifestations

A

T. spiralis

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14
Q

most common cause of helminth infection in the world

A

E. vermicularis

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15
Q

third most common roundworm of humans

A

T. trichiura

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16
Q

largest intestinal nematode

A

A. lumbricoides

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17
Q

blood sucking nematodes

A

hookworms

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18
Q

parasitic females are parthenogenetic

A

S. stercoralis

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19
Q

females produce two types of eggs

A

C. philippinensis

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20
Q

easily transmitted hand to mouth; eggs are already embryonated

A

E. vermicularis

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21
Q

Unholy three

A

ASH
- A. lumbricoides
- S. stercoralis
- Hookworms

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22
Q

most common soil transmitted helminths/geohelminths

A

ASH
- A. lumbricoides
- S. stercoralis
- Hookworms

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23
Q

may cause internal autoinfection

A
  • S. stercoralis
  • C. philippinensis
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24
Q

infective stage of S. stercoralis

A

filariform larvae

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25
Q

diagnostic stage

A

rhabditiform larvae

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26
Q

true or false

dogs may also serve as definitive host of S. stercoralis

A

true

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27
Q

diagnostic stage of C. philippinensis

A

unembryonated, thick shelled eggs

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28
Q

infective stage C. philippinensis

A

infective larvae

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29
Q
A
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30
Q

MOT of C. philippinensis

A

ingestion of raw or undercooked infected fish

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31
Q

2 types of eggs of C. philippinensis

A
  1. unembryonated eggs passed in feces
  2. embryonated eggs lacking shells (hatch inside definitive host)
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32
Q

common name of E. vermicularis

A

Pinworm/seatworm

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33
Q

common name of T. trichiura

A

Whipworm

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34
Q

common name of A. lumbricoides

A

Giant intestinal roundworm

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35
Q

common name of N. americanus

A

New World Hookworm

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36
Q

common name of A. duodenale

A

Old World Hookworm

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37
Q

common name of A. ceylanicum

A

Zoonotic Hookworm

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38
Q

common name of S. stercoralis

A

Threadworm

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39
Q

common name of C. philippinensis

A

Pudoc Worm

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40
Q

diagnostic stage of E. vermicularis

A

embryonated eggs (immediately infective)

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41
Q

diagnostic stage of T. trichiura

A

unembryonated eggs

42
Q

diagnostic stage of A. lumbricoides

A

fertilized and unfertilized eggs

43
Q

diagnostic stage of N. americanus, A. duodenale, A. ceylanicum

A

unembryonated eggs

44
Q

diagnostic stage of S. stercoralis

A

Rhabditirform larvae

45
Q

diagnostic stage of C. philippinensis

A

unembryonated eggs

46
Q

MOT of E. vermicularis

A

hand to mouth or inhalation

47
Q

MOT of T. trichiura

A

ingestion of embryonated eggs from contaminated sources

48
Q

MOT of:
N. americanus
A. duodenale
A. ceylanicum
Strongyloides stercoralis

A

skin penetration by filariform larvae

49
Q

MOT of C. philippinensis

A

ingestion of infective larvae from fish

50
Q

true or false

eggs of E. vermicularis are immediately infective

51
Q

larvae does not undergo lung migration

A

T. trichiura

52
Q

larvae undergo lung migration

A

A. lumbricoides
N. americanus
A. duodenale
A. ceylanicum
Strongyloides stercoralis

53
Q

intermediate host of C. philippinensis

54
Q

causes true clinical manifestation in man when infected

A

A. ceylanicum

55
Q

almost never found in feces

A

S. stercoralis

56
Q

test for S. stercoralis

A

entero test

57
Q

D-shaped, lopsided, planoconvex

A

E. vermicularis

58
Q

50-60 um x 20-30 um; colorless; contain a fully
developed larva

A

E. vermicularis

59
Q

recovered in the swabs of E. vermicularis

A

Female adults

60
Q

barrel, football, lemon, or Japanese lantern-shaped
with rounded bipolar plugs

A

T. trichiura

61
Q

50-54 um x 23 um; yellow to brown

A

T. trichiura

62
Q

esophagus of adult T. trichiura is lined by _______

A

Stichocytes

63
Q

makes rigidity for colon attachment of T. trichiura adult

A

stichocytes

64
Q

45-70 x 35-50 µm; yellow brown; round or ovoidal;
thick shell with 3 layers

A

fertilized A. lumbricoides

65
Q

3 layers of Fertilized A. lumbricoides

A
  1. mamillary coat/cortex
  2. glycogen layer
  3. lipoidal vitaline membrane
66
Q

true or false

fertilized A. lumbricoides contains single germ cell

67
Q

true or false

unembryonated A. lumbricoides also contains germ cell

A

false; it does not contain

68
Q

88-94 x 39-44 µm; elongated;
shell often very thin and may be decorticated

A

unfertilized A. lumbricoides

69
Q

Mouth of male and female
adult A. lumbricoides has _______

A

trilobate lips

70
Q

eggs are indistinguishable from each other

A

Hookworm and S. stercoralis

71
Q

eggs contain egg packets or grayish germ cell (4-8)

A

hookworms and S. stercoralis

72
Q

dental pattern of adult N. americanus

A

pair of semilunar cutting plates

73
Q

dental pattern of adult A. duodenale

A

2 pairs of teeth

74
Q

Short buccal cavity with
indistinct lips (parthenogenetic)

A

S. stercoralis

75
Q

peanut shaped

A

C. philippinensis

76
Q

36-45 um X 20 um;
with flattened bipolar plugs and striated shell

A

C. philippinensis

77
Q

Thin filamentous anterior and a slightly thicker posterior
Male has long sheathed
copulatory spicule

A

C. philippinensis

78
Q

sheathed filariform larva

79
Q

unsheathed filariform larva

A

S. stercoralis

80
Q

buccal cavity is the same length as the body

81
Q

buccal cavity is ~1/2 of the body’s width

A

S. stercoralis

82
Q

genital primordium of hookworm

A

small and inconspicuous

83
Q

genital primordium of S. stercoralis

A

large and conspicuous

84
Q

tail of hookworm

85
Q

tail of S. stercoralis

A

forked/notched/bifid

86
Q

esophagus

A

hookworm: short
S. stercoralis: long

87
Q

pruritis ani caused by female migration; insomnia and restlessness

A

Enterobiasis

88
Q

intense itchiness in anal/perianal area

A

pruritis ani

89
Q

heavy infection of T. trichiura may cause

A

mild anemia and rectal prolapse

90
Q

may cause Loeffler’s syndrome

A

Ascariasis

91
Q

Intestinal ascariasis; Ascaris pneumonitis or Loeffler’s syndrome– allergy and
peripheral eosinophilia; ectopic ascariasis

A

Ascariasis

92
Q

bollus of intestine (may obstruct airway, bile duct)

A

Ascariasis

93
Q

cutaneous hookworm infection

A

ground itch

94
Q

cutaneous Strongyloidiasis

A

larva currens

95
Q

pulmonary hookworm infection

A

Loeffler’s syndrome

96
Q

intestinal hookworm infection may cause

A

GI blood loss

97
Q

anemia in hookworm infection

A

IDA (microcytic and hypochromic)

98
Q

intestinal strongyloidiasis

A

diarrhea and malabsorption

99
Q

Abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea and peculiar abdominal gurgling sound

A

Capillariasis

100
Q

abdominal gurgling sound

A

borborygmus

101
Q

mystery disease; discovered in Barrio Pudoc in the Philippines

A

Capillariasis (C.philippinensis)

PARASITOLOGY (25 decks)

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