Neisseria, Hemophilus, Bordetella

Question 1

What key enzyme do Neisseria test POSITIVE for?

Answer 1

oxidase

Question 2

What are 2 important growth conditions for Neisseria in the lab?

Answer 2

1) enhanced CO2

2) enriched media (chocolate agar)

Question 3

Which neisseria species is a maltose oxidizer?

Answer 3

meningitidis

Question 4

True or false: both neisseria species oxidize glucose?

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

What happens to patients that have a complement deficiency defect?

Answer 5

6000 fold increase risk for meningococcal and gonococcal disease

Question 6

the capsule and LPS are important to __________ while pili and OMPs are important to ___________

Answer 6

meningitidis

gonorrhea

Question 7

What virulence factor is responsible for preventing phagocytosis and enhancing survival in the bloodstream?

Answer 7

polysaccharide capsule

Question 8

How is meningitis transmitted?

Answer 8

respiratory droplets

Question 9

What is the most common outbreak in developed world?

Answer 9

Group B (non vaccinatable)

Question 10

How does N. meningitidis get to the bloodstream?

Answer 10

transcytoses to get into the submucosa

Question 11

What are 2 huge infections caused by N. meningitids?

Answer 11

meningococcemia

meningitis

Question 12

What do you treat N. meningitidis with?

Answer 12

penicillin

ceftriaxone and other cephalosporins

Question 13

What are the medications for meningitidis prophylaxis?

Answer 13

rifampin
ciprofloxacin
ceftriaxone (1 dose)

Question 14

What are the main antigen features of n. gonorrheae?

Answer 14

• pili (stacked units of repeating protein)
• PorB (porin)
• Opa (adherence proteins)
• Rmp proteins (block antibody)

Question 15

What does the presence of Opa do to n. gonorrhea disease?

Answer 15

produce local disease (not disseminated)

Question 16

Name 2 examples of antigenic variation in n. gonorrheae?

Answer 16

1) pili

2) opa

Question 17

How is gonorrhea spread?

Answer 17

direct contact across mucosal surfaces

Question 18

Where does disseminated N. gonorrhea go?

Answer 18

joints and skin

Question 19

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

Answer 19

ceftriaxone (no oral)

Question 20

What does haemophilus cause in children under 2?

Answer 20

meningitis
septicemia
cellulitis

Question 21

What does haemophilus cause in kids 2-5?

Answer 21

epiglottitis

pneumonia

Question 22

What 3 infections are attributed to nontypable (aka unencapsulated) h. influenzae?

Answer 22

otitis media
sinusitis
bronchitis

Question 23

How is h. influenzae diagnosed?

Answer 23

choc agar gram stain
needs X (hematin) and V (NAD) factor from blood

Question 24

What are the treatments for haemophilus?

Answer 24

cephalosporins (2nd and 3rd) most produce beta lactamase

Question 25

What are the main virulence factors of bordetella pertussis?

Answer 25

• no capsule
• adhesins
• pertussis toxin (PT)
• tracheal cytotoxin (PG fragment)

Question 26

How is haemophilus classified? (why 3 groups?)

Answer 26

• serotypes
• biotypes
• biogroups