Neisseria, Hemophilus, Bordetella Flashcards
What key enzyme do Neisseria test POSITIVE for?
oxidase
What are 2 important growth conditions for Neisseria in the lab?
1) enhanced CO2
2) enriched media (chocolate agar)
Which neisseria species is a maltose oxidizer?
meningitidis
True or false: both neisseria species oxidize glucose?
TRUE
What happens to patients that have a complement deficiency defect?
6000 fold increase risk for meningococcal and gonococcal disease
the capsule and LPS are important to __________ while pili and OMPs are important to ___________
meningitidis
gonorrhea
What virulence factor is responsible for preventing phagocytosis and enhancing survival in the bloodstream?
polysaccharide capsule
How is meningitis transmitted?
respiratory droplets
What is the most common outbreak in developed world?
Group B (non vaccinatable)
How does N. meningitidis get to the bloodstream?
transcytoses to get into the submucosa
What are 2 huge infections caused by N. meningitids?
meningococcemia
meningitis
What do you treat N. meningitidis with?
penicillin
ceftriaxone and other cephalosporins
What are the medications for meningitidis prophylaxis?
rifampin
ciprofloxacin
ceftriaxone (1 dose)
What are the main antigen features of n. gonorrheae?
- pili (stacked units of repeating protein)
- PorB (porin)
- Opa (adherence proteins)
- Rmp proteins (block antibody)
What does the presence of Opa do to n. gonorrhea disease?
produce local disease (not disseminated)
Name 2 examples of antigenic variation in n. gonorrheae?
1) pili
2) opa
How is gonorrhea spread?
direct contact across mucosal surfaces
Where does disseminated N. gonorrhea go?
joints and skin
What is the treatment for gonorrhea?
ceftriaxone (no oral)
What does haemophilus cause in children under 2?
meningitis
septicemia
cellulitis
What does haemophilus cause in kids 2-5?
epiglottitis
pneumonia
What 3 infections are attributed to nontypable (aka unencapsulated) h. influenzae?
otitis media
sinusitis
bronchitis
How is h. influenzae diagnosed?
choc agar gram stain needs X (hematin) and V (NAD) factor from blood
What are the treatments for haemophilus?
cephalosporins (2nd and 3rd) most produce beta lactamase
