Neck: Great vessels of the Neck Flashcards
Origin of CCA
Left: Aortic Arch
Right: Brachiocephalic Artery
Course of CCA
- Ascends Inside carotid Sheath medial to Vagus nerve & Internal Jugular Vein
- ends at upper border of thyroid Cartilage by dividing into ICA & ECA
Anterior Relation of CCA
- Infrahyoid
- Sternomastoid
- Thyroid Lobe
Posterior relation of CCA
- Cervical Vertebrae
- Prevertebral Muscles
- Inferior Thyroid Artery
- Vertebral Artery
- Sympathetic Trunk
- right Recurrent Laryngeal N (on right side)
Medial Relations of CCA
- Larynx & Pharynx (above)
- Oesophagus & trachea (below) & between them Reccurent laryngeal N
Lateral Relations of CCA
Internal Jugular Vein
Origin of ECA
arises from CCA from upper border of thyroid Cartilage
Course of ECA
- Ascends Antero-medial to Internal CA, outside the Carotid Sheath
- It Ends behind neck of mandible in substance of Parotid Gland by dividing into 2 terminal Branches; Superficial Temporal A & Maxillary A
Enumerate branches of ECA
3 from Anterior Aspect:
* Superior Thyroid A
* Lingual A
* Facial A
2 from posterior Aspect:
* Occipital A
* Posterior Auricular A
1 from Medial Aspect:
* Ascending Pharyngeal A
2 Terminal:
* Maxillary A
* Superficial Temporal A
Superficial Relations of ECA
3 Muscles:
* Sternomastoid
* Posterior belly of Digastric
* Stylohyoid
2 Veins:
* Common Facial Vein
* Lingual Vein
1 Nerve:
* Hypoglossal N
1 Gland:
* Parotid Gland with Retromandibular vein
Deep relations of ICA
- Styloid process + 2 styloid apperatus muscles: styloglossus & Stylopharyngeus
- Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles
2 Nerves:
* Glossopharyngeal N
* Pharyngeal Branch of Vagus N
1 Artery:
* Internal Carotid A
1 Gland:
* Parotid gland deep part
origin of Facial Artery
Anterior aspect of ECA above lingual Artery (above greater horn of hyoid bone)
Course of Cervical Part of Facial Artery
- It ascends upwards on the side of the pharynx, where Superior Constrictor muscle seperates it from Pharyngeal Tonsil
- It then passes Deep to posterior belly of digastric to enter digastric triangle
- Passes along the posterior border of submandibular Gland
- It then hooks around lower border of mandible to enter the face, at the Antero-inferior Angle of Masseter
Enumerate Branches of Cervical Part of Facial Artery
- Tonsillar Artery: Pierces Superior Constrictor & supplies pharyngeal Tonsil
- Glandular Branches: to submandibular Gland
- Ascending Palatine: ascends on pharynx to supply it, enters gap above superior constrictor, to reach and supply Soft palate and palatine tonsil
- Submental (Largest): Passing along lower border of mandible accompamying Nerve to mylohyoid
Origin of Lingual Artery
From anterior aspect of External Carotid Artery opposite Greater horn of Hyoid
Lingual Artery is sepereted into 3 parts by
Hyoglossus Muscle
Course of 1st part Lingual Artery
S shaped/convex upwards, posterior to Hyoglossus muscle and resting on middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle, crossed by Hypoglossal N
Course of 2nd part Lingual Artery
deep (medial) to Hyoglossus muscle
Course of 3rd part lingual Artery
- Ascends along anterior border of hyoglossus, lying on genioglossus muscle
- It’s crossed by Lingual Nerve & submandibular duct
- Ends as Deep Artery of the tongue
Branches of Lingual Artery
1st Part:
* Suprahyoid A
2nd Part:
* 2 Dorsal Lingual Arteries: supplies posterior aspect of tongue and palatine tonsil
3rd Part:
* Sublingual Artery: Sublingual gland, mylohyoid muscle, buccal & gingival mucosa + anastomoses with submental Artery
