Neck: Great vessels of the Neck

Question 1

Origin of CCA

Answer 1

Left: Aortic Arch
Right: Brachiocephalic Artery

Question 1

Course of CCA

Answer 1

1. Ascends Inside carotid Sheath medial to Vagus nerve & Internal Jugular Vein
2. ends at upper border of thyroid Cartilage by dividing into ICA & ECA

Question 2

Anterior Relation of CCA

Answer 2

• Infrahyoid
• Sternomastoid
• Thyroid Lobe

Question 3

Posterior relation of CCA

Answer 3

• Cervical Vertebrae
• Prevertebral Muscles
• Inferior Thyroid Artery
• Vertebral Artery
• Sympathetic Trunk
• right Recurrent Laryngeal N (on right side)

Question 4

Medial Relations of CCA

Answer 4

• Larynx & Pharynx (above)
• Oesophagus & trachea (below) & between them Reccurent laryngeal N

Question 5

Lateral Relations of CCA

Answer 5

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 6

Origin of ECA

Answer 6

arises from CCA from upper border of thyroid Cartilage

Question 7

Course of ECA

Answer 7

1. Ascends Antero-medial to Internal CA, outside the Carotid Sheath
2. It Ends behind neck of mandible in substance of Parotid Gland by dividing into 2 terminal Branches; Superficial Temporal A & Maxillary A

Question 8

Enumerate branches of ECA

Answer 8

3 from Anterior Aspect:
* Superior Thyroid A
* Lingual A
* Facial A

2 from posterior Aspect:
* Occipital A
* Posterior Auricular A

1 from Medial Aspect:
* Ascending Pharyngeal A

2 Terminal:
* Maxillary A
* Superficial Temporal A

Question 9

Superficial Relations of ECA

Answer 9

3 Muscles:
* Sternomastoid
* Posterior belly of Digastric
* Stylohyoid

2 Veins:
* Common Facial Vein
* Lingual Vein

1 Nerve:
* Hypoglossal N

1 Gland:
* Parotid Gland with Retromandibular vein

Question 10

Deep relations of ICA

Answer 10

• Styloid process + 2 styloid apperatus muscles: styloglossus & Stylopharyngeus
• Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles

2 Nerves:
* Glossopharyngeal N
* Pharyngeal Branch of Vagus N

1 Artery:
* Internal Carotid A

1 Gland:
* Parotid gland deep part

Question 11

origin of Facial Artery

Answer 11

Anterior aspect of ECA above lingual Artery (above greater horn of hyoid bone)

Question 12

Course of Cervical Part of Facial Artery

Answer 12

1. It ascends upwards on the side of the pharynx, where Superior Constrictor muscle seperates it from Pharyngeal Tonsil
2. It then passes Deep to posterior belly of digastric to enter digastric triangle
3. Passes along the posterior border of submandibular Gland
4. It then hooks around lower border of mandible to enter the face, at the Antero-inferior Angle of Masseter

Question 13

Enumerate Branches of Cervical Part of Facial Artery

Answer 13

• Tonsillar Artery: Pierces Superior Constrictor & supplies pharyngeal Tonsil
• Glandular Branches: to submandibular Gland
• Ascending Palatine: ascends on pharynx to supply it, enters gap above superior constrictor, to reach and supply Soft palate and palatine tonsil
• Submental (Largest): Passing along lower border of mandible accompamying Nerve to mylohyoid

Question 14

Origin of Lingual Artery

Answer 14

From anterior aspect of External Carotid Artery opposite Greater horn of Hyoid

Question 15

Lingual Artery is sepereted into 3 parts by

Answer 15

Hyoglossus Muscle

Question 16

Course of 1st part Lingual Artery

Answer 16

S shaped/convex upwards, posterior to Hyoglossus muscle and resting on middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle, crossed by Hypoglossal N

Question 17

Course of 2nd part Lingual Artery

Answer 17

deep (medial) to Hyoglossus muscle

Question 18

Course of 3rd part lingual Artery

Answer 18

1. Ascends along anterior border of hyoglossus, lying on genioglossus muscle
2. It’s crossed by Lingual Nerve & submandibular duct
3. Ends as Deep Artery of the tongue

Question 19

Branches of Lingual Artery

Answer 19

1st Part:
* Suprahyoid A

2nd Part:
* 2 Dorsal Lingual Arteries: supplies posterior aspect of tongue and palatine tonsil

3rd Part:
* Sublingual Artery: Sublingual gland, mylohyoid muscle, buccal & gingival mucosa + anastomoses with submental Artery