NATOPS Chap 4 Flashcards
Operational Limit Exceed
Appropriate entry shall be made on MAF–include what limit(s) were exceeded and include range, duration and any additional info that would aid mx personnel.
Engine Limitations
Ng Np TGT Oil Press Oil Temp
Start Cycle
Starter initiation, acceleration of output drive and starter dropout
60 sec delay between start attempts is required any time a start is aborted except during emergencies.
Engine Start Limitations
- Crossbleed starts: receiving eng shall be at or above 24% Ng prior to advancing PCL to IDLE.
- Engine start with main rotor blades or tail rotor pylong folded is prohibited.
- Start TGT limit is 851*C until idle speed attained.
Turbine Gas Temp (TGT)
0-810 - Continuous - Green
810-851 - 30 Min - Yellow
851-878 - 10 Min (as required; for Max Power and limiter checks only) - Red
878-903 - 2.5 min - Red
903-949 - 12 sec - Red
949 - Max
Power Turbine Speed (Np)
<96% - Avoid - Red
96-105% - Continuous - Green (yellow above 101%)
105-117% - 20 sec - Yellow
117-120% - 12 sec - Yellow
120% - Max - Red
CAUTION During engagement, extended operations in the 20-40% and 60-75% ranges may cause engine damage.
Main Rotor Speed (Nr)
<96% - Avoid - Red
96-101% - Continuous - Green
101-120% - Precautionary - Yellow
120% - Max - Red
> 120% - 123%, Max for FCF only - Red
127% - Overspeed Latch - Red
Dual-Eng Torque (TRQ) <80 KIAS
0-120% - Continuous - Green
120-144% - 10 sec - Yellow
144% - Max - Red
NOTE Dual Engine Torque Limits apply when both engines are above 65% torque.
Dual-Eng Torque (TRQ) >80 KIAS
0-106% - Continuous - Green
106-127% - 10 Sec - Yellow
127% - Max - Red
NOTE Dual Engine Torque Limits apply when both engines are above 65% torque.
Single-Eng Torque (TRQ)
0-135% - Continuous - Green
135-144% - 10 sec - Yellow
144% - Max - Red
Gas Generator Speed (Ng) SysConfig 16
0-102.2% - Continuous - Green
> 102.2-106% - 2.5 min - Red
106-107% - 12 sec - Red
107% - Max - Red
Transmision Temp (XMSN T)
-50-105*C - Continuous - Green
105-120*C - Precautionary - Yellow
120*C - Max - Red
Transmission Press (XMSN P)
20psi - Min - Red
20-30psi - Idle and transient - Yellow
30-65psi - Continuous - Green (45-60psi in level flight)
65-130psi - Precautionary - Yellow
130psi - Max - Red
Transmission Limitations
Limited by Nr, torque, oil press and oil temp. If oil press and/or temp are in precautionary range, the helo shall not be scheduled for additional flights until mx action is performed.
NOTE Prolonged hovering in hot weather 95F (35C) and high gross weight may cause temps to rise in the yellow precautionary range. Operation in the precautionary range for less than 30 min during any one flight under these conditions is acceptable.
Following conditions do not constitute an emergency situation, but may be indicative of a degraded lubrication system. Any discrepancy shall be documented on a MAF.
- Steady press outside 45-60psi, but within normal limits.
- Fluctuations not to exceed a range of 10psi, within the normal limits.
During transient pitch or steady-state nose-high pitch attitudes (autos, downwind hovering, rearward flight, slope-up landings, etc) xmsn oil press fluctuations (including momentary fluctuations below 30psi and transient drops below 20psi for up to one sec) are acceptable. Operating with press fluctuations below 30psi shall be limited to 30 min.
Engine Oil Temp (ENG OIL T)
-50-135*C - Continuous - Green
135-150*C - 30 min - Yellow
150*C - Max - Red
Engine Oil Press (ENG OIL P)
22psi - Min - Red
22-26psi - Precautionary - Yellow
26-100psi - Continuous - Green
100-120psi - Precautionary - Yellow
120psi - Max - Red
NOTE Normal idle range is 22-55psi
Starter Limitations
<16*C Cycle 1 - 60 sec Cycle 2 - 60 sec Cycle 3 - 60 sec Cycle 4 - 30 min
16-52*C
Cycle 1 - 60 sec
Cycle 2 - 30 min
Engine Motor (Ignition - OFF)
2 min - 5 min
2 min - 30 min
- NOTE* Start cycle is defined as a starter intiation, acceleration and dropout.
- NOTE* Times for motoring are cumulative within a 5-min period.
Min Fuel
On deck with no less than 600lbs
APU Limitations
APU is not intended for routine in-flight use. Operation of the APU shall be limited to essential operations only. Acceptable in-flight use include emergency procedures, single-eng training, practice autos, and powering the ECS during extreme temps.
APU Operating Limitations
> 43*C with eng and rotors operating - 30 min
<51*C with eng and rotors not operating - Continuous
Rotor Engagement/Disengagement
45 knots from any direction
- Max (Vne)
- Sideward/Rearward Flight
- Auto
- Boost Off
- 2 SAS Inop in IMC
- Either PRI SERVO PRESS caution
- Searchlight in fixed position other than stowed
- Searchlight in transition
- Dome at or above trail
- Dome below trail
- Cabin door opening/closing
- 180 KIAS
- 35 KIAS
- 100 KIAS
- 140 KIAS
- 125 KIAS
- 125 KIAS
- 160 KIAS
- 100 KIAS
- 70 KIAS, 45* AOB
- 70 KIAS, 15* AOB
- 60 KIAS
NOTE With FLIR installed, failure to maintain balanced flight below 90 KIAS in descents over 1000fpm will result in inaccurate and erratic airspeed indications.
Maneuvering with Rescue Hoist Loads
Rate of descent limited to 1000fpm
Hovering Limitations
- Prolonged rearward flight and downwind hovering should be avoided to prevent accumulation of exhaust fumes in the helo and heat damage to the window of an open cabin door.
- Hovering turns at a rate in excess of 30* per second.
- Dipping operations at altitudes other than 70ft.
- Do not tow the transducer in the water above 8KGS with array folded and 4KGS with array unfolded
* NOTE* Towing is defined as the cable contacting the funnel. Aircraft ground speed may be greater than 8KGS (folded) or 4KGS (unfolded) if cable is not in contact with the funnel.
Angle of Bank Limitations
- Normal ops
- Operations above 10,000ft DA
- Either PRI SERVO PRESS caution
- Boost off flight
- 45*
2-4. 30*
Altitude Limitation
Max operating DA is 13,000ft
Prohibited Maneuvers
- Aerobatic flight
- Practice full-autos landings
- Intentional approaches into or inducement of retreating blade stall.
Rotor Brake Limitations
Max rotor speed for application - 76%Nr
Routine stops - 30-50% Nr
Should be limited to 180psi
Blade, Pylon, Stab Fold/Spread Limitations
Max wind velocity 45 knots.
Following a complete blade fold and spread cycle, allow 10-min cooling period
Landing Limitations
- Level terrain
- Sloped terrain
- Touchdown Speed
- Taxi Speed
- Slope
- Downwind
- <19,500lbs - 720fpm; >19,500lbs - 480fpm
- 360fpm
- 75KGS (lock) 20KGS (unlock)
- 40KGS (shimmy damper), 20KGS (without)
- 9* nose-up; 12* cross; 6* nose-down
- Should be avoided
- Gross Weight
- Aviaton Ships
- Air Capable/Amphibious Assault Aviation Ships
- 23,500lbs
- 23,500lbs
- 22,500lbs
Internal Load Limitations
300lbs per square ft
External Load Limitations
- External Cargo Hook
- Rescue Hoist
- 6000lbs
2. 600lbs
Minimum Equip for IMC
- Both FDs
- Both cockpit MDs or 2/3 MDs if qualified aircrewman onboard. WCA page shall be functional.
- Both EGIs. Valid attitude data shall be provided by both and valid heading by at least one.
- One ADC, providing pitot-static info on both FDs.
- Slip/skid indicators on both FDs.
- Standby mag compass with current calibration card.
- Primary (MC) and backup (BC) mission computers.
- RADALT, providing info on both FDs.
- Digital clock.
- Pitot heat.
- Windshield wipers.
- All backup flight instruments (airspeed, barometric altimeter, and attitude gyro)
- Instrument, nav and cockpit lighting.
- Communication equipment (one VHF/UHF radio, ICS for all crew, IFF transponder as required by ATC)
- TACAN
- SAS 2, trim, autopilot.
- LAWS (over water) *night over water
- Altitude hold (over water) *night over water
Egress Lighting
Except in emergencies, ADHEELS and IHEELS shall be operational for all overwater flights requiring pax/non-aircrew in cabin.
Temperature Limitations
Below -40C (-40F) or above 60C (140F) are prohibited.
Backup Hydraulic Pump Limitations
33-38*C - 24 min - 72 min
39-60*C - 16 min - 48 min
