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anatomy > N5: diencephalon, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex > Flashcards

N5: diencephalon, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex Flashcards

1
Q

what does the diencephalon include

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus
subthalamus

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2
Q

thalamic nuclei

A

internal medullary lamina
anterior nuclear group
medial nuclear group
lateral nuclear group
medial geniculate nucleus
lateral geniculate nucleus
ventral lateral
ventral posteriomedial

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3
Q

anterior nuclear group general function

A

linked to limbic system (behavioural)

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4
Q

medial nuclear group general function

A

prefrontal cortex so = behaviour

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5
Q

lateral nuclear group general function

A

motor

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6
Q

ventral posteromedial general function

A

proprioception and gustatory

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7
Q

medial geniculate nucleus function

A

c=primary auditory cortex

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8
Q

lateral geniculate nucleus function

A

connected to primary visual cortex

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9
Q

spinothalamic pathway function

A

reactive = pain, temp, crude touch, pressure

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10
Q

DCML pathway function

A

discriminative = proprioception, fine touch, vibration

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11
Q

where does spinothalamic pathway deccusate

A

spinal cord

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12
Q

where does DCML pathway deccusate

A

medulla oblongata (dorsal column nuclei)

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13
Q

function of thalamus

A

information relay station

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14
Q

function of hypothalamus

A

maintains homeostasis

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15
Q

basal ganglia nuclei

A

caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus
nucleus accumbens
ventral pallidum
substantia nigra
subthalamic nucleus

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16
Q

basal ganglia function

A

motor control
fine movements
executive functions, behaviours, emotions

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17
Q

role of caudate nucleus

A

memory, mood, behaviour

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18
Q

role of putamen

A

learning, motor control, speech, reward, addiction

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19
Q

role of globus pallidus

A

controls conscious and proprioceptive movements

20
Q

role of subthalamic nucleus

A

connects with globus pallidus

21
Q

role of nucleus accumbens

A

mediates reward behaviour

22
Q

role of substantia nigra

A

linked to movements - parkinsons

23
Q

role of amygdala

A

fear center, anger
emotion, memory, decision making

24
Q

motor loop in basal ganglia

A

motor + sensory afferents -> putamen (processed) -> direct/indirect to thalamus

25
Q

limbic circuit connections

A

limbic lobe, hippocampus and amygdala -> caudate nucleus -> thalamus

26
Q

major gyri of cortex

A

precentral gyrus
postcentral gyrus
superior temporal gyrus

27
Q

precentral gyrus function

A

primary motor cortex

28
Q

postcentral gyrus function

A

primary somatosensory

29
Q

superior temporal gyrus function

A

reception and processing of sound

30
Q

where is frontal lobe + function

A

front area of cortex -> behaviour and motor

31
Q

where is temporal lobe + function

A

lateral sides -> language and auditary

32
Q

where is parietal lobe + function

A

top of head -> somatosensory

33
Q

thalamic nuclei

A

MGN
LGN
primary auditory cortex
primary visual cortex
primary gustatory cortex
ventral posteromedial
ventral posterolateral

34
Q

what do anterior thalamic nuclei do

A

role in limbic system

35
Q

what do medial thalamic nuclei do

A

motivation/mood

36
Q

what do lateral thalamic nuclei do

A

motor modification

37
Q

function of ventral posteromedial/lateral nuclei

A

sensory integration

38
Q

function of MGN

A
  • auditary function
  • sends tracts to auditory cortex (temporal)
39
Q

function of LGN

A
  • visual function
  • send fibres to primary visual cortex
40
Q

function of spinothalamic pathway

A
  • pain
  • temp
  • crude touch
  • pressure
41
Q

function of DCML tract

A

discriminitive
- proprioception
- fine touch
- vibration

42
Q

function of nuclear cumbance

A

pleasure centre
reward
addiction

43
Q

association fibres

A

connect different areas of brain

44
Q

commissural fibres

A

connect left and right sides of brain

45
Q

projection fibres

A

connect neurones to brain via tracts

46
Q

motor pathways

A

corticospinal = below head
corticonuclear = head and neck

47
Q

corona radiata function

A

fibres ascend/descend through brainstem → cortices

anatomy (15 decks)

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