LL1. anterior/medial thigh Flashcards
general action of anterior thigh
extension of knee/flex hip
action of rectus femoris
flexes hip joint
function of iliopsoas muscle
flexion of hip
insertion of iliopsoas
lesser trochanter of femur
innervation of anterior thigh
femoral nerve
-> originates from lumbar segments of spine
-> emerges from pelvis under inguinal ligament at front of thigh
blood supply to anterior thigh
femoral artery (continuation of external ileac artery)
The main movements that occur at the hip (acting on the thigh) and at the knee
Flexion, extension abduction and adduction of the thigh
Medial and lateral rotation at the hip
Flexion and extension of the knee
contents of femoral triangle (medial->lateral)
- Femoral vein
- Femoral artery
- Femoral nerve
origin and insertion of muscles in medial thigh
originate in pelvis and insert in femur
general action of muscles in medial thigh
adduction, antagonises buttocks muscles to support hip
inntervation of muscles in medial thigh
obturator nerve (from lumbar spinal cord)
blood supply of medial thigh
perforating branches of deep branch of femoral artery
major extensor of hip joint
gluteus maximus
abductors of hip
gluteus medius and minimus
what muscles support the hip when contra-lateral limb is off ground?
gluteus medius and minimus
innervation of gluteal region
sacral plexus
structures of the anterior femur
fovea = head notch
head neck
greater trochanter
intertrochanter line
lesser trochanter
shaft
lateral and medal epicondyle
adductor tubercle
medial and lateral condyle
intercondylar fossa
patellar surface
structures of the posterior femur
greater trochanter
intertrochanteric crest
lesser trochanter
pectineal line
gluteal tuberosity
linea aspera
medial supracondylar line
lateral supracondylar line
popliteal surface
intercondular fossa
muscles in anterior thigh
vastus lateralis
rectus femoris
vastus medialis
sartorius
vastus intermedius
muscles in medial thigh
adductor longus
adductor brevis
gracillis
adductor magnus
muscles in posterior thigh
biceps femoris, short head
biceps femoris, long head
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
general action of posterior thigh
extension of thigh/flexion of knee
innervation of medial thigh
obturator nerve
innervation of anterior thigh
femoral nerve
psoas minor origin
ORIGIN: T12 and L1
psoas minor insertion
INSERTION: iliopubic eminence, pecten pubis
psoas minor innervation
INNERVATION: spinal nerve L1
psoas minor blood supply
BLOOD SUPPLY: lumbar arteries
psoas minor action
ACTION: trunk flexion
Vastus lateralis origin
ORIGIN: greater trochanter/lateral lip
Vastus lateralis insertion
patella
Vastus lateralis action
ACTION: extension of knee/stabilises patella
Vastus lateralis innervation
femoral nerve
Vastus intermedius origin
ORIGIN: anterior/lateral femoral shaft
Vastus intermedius insertion
patella
Vastus intermedius action
ACTION: extension of knee/stabilises patella
Vastus intermedius innervation
INNERVATION: femoral nerve
Vastus medialis origin
ORIGIN: intertrochanteric line/medial lip
Vastus medialis insertion
patella
Vastus medialis action
ACTION: extension of knee/stabilises patella
Vastus medialis innervation
INNERVATION: femoral nerve
Rectus femoris origin
ORIGIN: anterior inferior iliac spine/ilium of pelvis
Rectus femoris insertion
patella
Rectus femoris action
ACTION: extension of knee/flexion of hip
Rectus femoris innervation
INNERVATION: femoral nerve
Sartorius origin
ORIGIN: anterior superior iliac spine
Sartorius insertion
INSERTION: superior medial surface of tibia
Sartorius action
ACTION: flexes, abducts and laterally rotates hip/flexes knee
Sartorius innervation
INNERVATION: femoral nerve
Pectineus origin
ORIGIN: pectineal line of pubis bone
Pectineous insertion
INSERTION: pectineal line of femur
Pectineus action
ACTION: adduction and flexion of hip
Pectineous innervation
INNERVATION: femoral nerve/branch of obturator
Adductor longus origin
pubis bone
Adductor longus insertion
linea aspera of femur
Adductor longus action
adduction of thigh
Adductor longus innervation
obturator nerve
Adductor brevis origin
body of pubis and inferior pubic rami
Adductor brevis insertion
linea aspera of femur
Adductor brevis action
adduction of thigh
Adductor brevis innervation
obturatory nerve
Adductor magnus origin
inferior rami of pubis/rami of ischium
Adductor magnus insertion
linea aspera of femur
Adductor magnus action
adductor = adduction and flexion of thigh
hamstring = adduction and extension of thigh
Adductor magnus innervation
adductor - obturator nerve
hamstring - tibial compartment of sciatic nerve
Gracilis origin
inferior rami/body of pubis
Gracilis insertion
tibial shaft
Gracilis action
adduction of thigh at hip and flexion of knee
Gracilis innervation
obturator nerve
Obturator externus origin
obturator foramen and adjacent bone
Obturator externus insertion
posterior greater trochanter
Obturator externus action
adduction and lateral rotation of thigh/stabilises
Obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve
function of fascia lata
prevents outward expansion of muscles in thigh (tights) and push blood up to heart
what is fascia lata
deep fascial investment of the musculature of the thigh
what is iliotibial tract
- thickening of fascia lata
- strengthened by fibres from glute max
- located in lateral thigh from iliac tubercle to lateral tibial condyle
functions of iliotibial tract
movement = extens, abduct, lat rotates hip
knee stabilisation
compartmentalisation = forms lateral intermuscular septum of thigh
where does the femoral artery originate from
external ileac artery, after inguinal ligament
where does the obturator artery originate from
internal ileac artery, after obturator canal
where does the gluteal region extend to and from?
iliac crest → gluteal fold
where does the head of the femur sit?
inside acetabulum
landmarks of femur bone
head, neck
greater and lesser trochanter
intertrochanter crest
linea aspera
intercondylar fossa
quadrangular muscle, which contributes to the floor of the femoral triangle. It flexes the thigh in addition to adduction.
pectineus
fan shaped muscle which contributes to the floor and the medial border of the femoral triangle.
adductor longus
long strap like muscle and is the most superficial in the medial compartment of the thigh
gracilis
small fan shaped muscle, although considered to be in the medial compartment of the thigh, it laterally rotates the hip.
obturator externus
a small triangular shaped muscle lying posterior to adductor longus and pectineus
adductor brevis
largest and deepest muscle in the medial compartment of the thigh. In addition to its adductor portion, it has a hamstring portion which can extend the thigh at the hip.
adductor magnus
where could you palpate the femoral artery
femoral artery lies superficially in the femoral triangle and thus can be palpated just below the mid-inguinal point (half-way between the anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis)
