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RUSVM BacT Spring 2017 > Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Mycoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest free living bacteria?

A

Mycoplasma

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2
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma are gram negative

A

FALSE

They have NO cell wall

(beta lactams are not effective for this reason)

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3
Q

What shape are mycoplasma?

A

Pleomorphic - usually filament (look similar to fungus)

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4
Q

Mycoplasma belong to class ______

A

Mollicutes = “soft skin”

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5
Q

What cells do mycoplasma have an affinity for?

A

ciliated epithelium

*they inhabit mucus membranes of resp. tract and repro tract

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6
Q

T/F: Growing mycoplasma in culture is easy to do

A

FALSE - they require special media

*they look like a fried egg when then grow

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7
Q

T/F: Generally mycoplasma cause acute infections

A

FALSE

They cause mild, chronic, and persistent infections (of ciliated epithelium)
***LEADS TO SECONDARY INFECTIONS

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8
Q

Are mycoplasma intracellular or extracellular pathogens?

A

EXTRACELLULAR

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9
Q

How do mycoplasma evade the host immune system?

A

Antigenic mimicry by absorbing host cell antigens - leading to antigenic variation of the cell surface

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10
Q

What dx test can be done to confirm the presence of mycoplasma?

A

*specialized cultures with serum rich media, then

PCR and MALDI TOF

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11
Q

T/F: When mycoplasma infect host RBCs - that can result in hemolytic anemia

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Is it simple to treat mycoplasma infections? Why or why not?

A

NO - these are usually multifactorial infections due to secondary infections - so there are many different pathogens and susceptibility ranges in a given infection

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13
Q

What Mycoplasma causes Enzootic pneumonia in swine?

A

M. hyopneumoniae

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14
Q

M. hyorhinis causes what?

A

Polyserositis in swine

*usually a herd problem

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15
Q

M. hyosynoviae causes what in swine?

A

Polyarthritis

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16
Q

M. suis (hemotropic) causes what in swine?

A

ANEMIA

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17
Q

What are the general characteristics of epizootic pneumonia caused by M. Hyopneumoniae?

A

Chronic resp. dz with unproductive cough, decreased wt, **anteroventral bronchopneumonia, secondary bacterial infections

*high morbidity, low mortality

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18
Q

What will you notice on a histo taken from the lungs of a pig that died of epizootic pneumonia?

A

Aggregates of neutrophils

Hyperplasia of the bronchial lymphoid tissue

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19
Q

How is epizootic pneumonia transmitted?

A

direct contact

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20
Q

is it possible to breed for a SPF herd of swine for mycoplasma?

A

YES

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21
Q

What mycoplasma of bovines is a foreign reportable dz?

A

M. mycoides subsp. mycoides

Causes contagious bovine pleuropnemonia

22
Q

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides causes what?

A

Contagious bovine pleuropnemonia (CBPP)

23
Q

What is a characteristic lesion of CBPP?

A

Contagious bovine pleuropnemonia -M. mycoides subsp. mycoides
Marbled pattern of the lung (due to inflammation and swelling of the septa)

24
Q

What clinical signs do you seen in a cow with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides?

A

Causes CBPP - chronic respiratory dz, couching, nasal discharge, lethargy - usually persistant - occasionally acute/fatal

25
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma bovis is part of the “shipping fever complex” aka Bovine respiratory disease complex

A

TRUE

Along with:
Pasteurella multocida
Mannheimia haemolytic
Histophilus somni (these 3 are gram NEG)

Trueperella pyogens (gram POS)

26
Q

T/F: M. bovis can cause pneumonia, polyarthritis, and mastitis

A

TRUE

27
Q

What mycoplasma are associated with infections of the urogenital tract in cows?

A

Ureasplasma diversum

Mycoplasma bovigenitalium

28
Q

How is ureaplasma diversum transmitted?

A

Sexually transmitted

29
Q

T/F: Cows contract ureaplasma diversum infections through the environment

A

FALSE

these can be normal commensal organisms in the lower urogenital tract

30
Q

Ureaplasma diversum causes what in cows? And what in bulls?

A

Bulls - seminal vesiculitis

Cows: granular vulvitis, vaginitis, endometritis, and abortion

31
Q

Is contagious caprine pleuropneumonia a reportable dz in the US?
What pathogen is the causative agent?

A

Yes - it is reportable
***Fatal disease
Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumonia

32
Q

What does Mycoplasma agalactia and Mycoplasma putrefaciens cause?

A

Contagious agalactia of sheep and goats

33
Q

What are two reportable mycoplasma spps that infect birds?

A

Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synovia

34
Q

M. gallisepticum causes what dz in chicken and turkeys?

A

chronic respiratory dz

coughing, sneezing, nasal d/c, tracheal rales, sinusitis, thick mucoid exudate, decrease egg production

35
Q

T/F: M. meleagridis and M. iowae cause respiratory dz, skeletal deformities, and decrease egg hatchability in mainly turkeys

A

TRUE

36
Q

M. Synoviae causes all of the following except:

  1. lameness
  2. ratarded growth
  3. paralysis
  4. swelling of joints
A
  1. paralysis

does not occur

37
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma felis infections occur in horses

A

TRUE
Horses get a self limiting pleuritic

Cats get mild URI, mucoid conjunctivitis

38
Q

M gatae causes arthritis and SQ abscess in what animals?

A

Cats

39
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma canis causes respiratory infections in dogs

A

FALSE

Causes urogenital tract dz in both males and female

40
Q

What spps of mycoplasma causes low grade respiratory dz in lab rats and mice?

A

Mycoplasma pulmonis

41
Q

Mycoplasma felis in horses makes them more susceptible to what pathogen?

A

S. zooepidemicus

42
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma edwardii is a commensal bacteria on dogs

A

TRUE

43
Q

What antimicrobials are often used to tx mycoplasma infections?

A

macrolides, tetracyclines, lincosamines, fluoroquinolones

44
Q

What animals have vax available for mycoplasma spps?

A

swine, bovine, poultry

45
Q

Where do hemotrophic mycoplasma colonize?

A

on the surface of red blood cells

**they are difficult to grow

46
Q

T/F: Animals with hemotrophic mycoplasma infections are often asymptomatic

A

TRUE

47
Q

What causes feline infectious anemia?

A

Mycoplasma hemofelis (haemobartonella)

48
Q

What are the clinical signs of M. hemofelis infections?

A

Anemia, icterus (late in infection), fever, depression

49
Q

What are the vectors for M. hemofelis?

A

Unsure - most likely fleas, ticks, and or other biting arthropods

Asympotomatic carries are responsible for spread of this dz

50
Q

What other organisms produce similar clinical signs to M. hemofelis?

A

Babesia

Cytauxzoon felis

51
Q

What mycoplasma cause fever and anemia in poorly managed swine?

A

Mycoplasma hemosuis

also causes splenomegaly

52
Q

If you are looking at a canine blood smear, and see small organisms that look like M. hemocanis and babesia, how can you determine which one you are looking at?

A

M. hemocanis is extracellular and will be ON the RBC

Babesia in intracellular and will be IN the RBC

RUSVM BacT Spring 2017 (15 decks)

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