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RUSVM BacT Spring 2017 > Misc. Fungal infections & Fungal wanna-bes > Flashcards

Misc. Fungal infections & Fungal wanna-bes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main characteristic of Zygomycets?

A

No septate

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2
Q

What fungi are in the Spaprophytic filamentous group?

A

Zygomycets
Hyaline fungus
Phaeoid/dematiaceous fungus

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3
Q

Who can get infected by saprophytic filamentous fungi?

A

Most animals species

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4
Q

T/F: Aspergillus is a slow growing mold

A

FALSE

fast growing mold

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5
Q

What is a common aspergillus spps seen in animals?

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

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6
Q

Where does aspergillus like to colonize in the body?

A

invades damaged tissue along blood vessels

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7
Q

Aspergillus causes what in canines and horses?

A

Nasal/sinus/guttural pouch infections

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8
Q

Aspergillus causes what in birds?

What does is cause in ruminants?

A

Avian = Respiratory infections (colonizes in air sacs)

Ruminants = Abortion

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9
Q

What does aspergillosis cause in German Shepherds?

A

Disseminated aspergillosis

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10
Q

T/F: You should wear a face mask/protective equipment when doing work that will disturb a compost pile

A

TRUE

Disturbing a compost pile and shake up and expose at lot of fungal spores to the air - exposing you to inhalation and infection

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11
Q

What factors will increase an animals susceptibility to aspergillus infection?

A

Stress, concurrent dz, poor diet, prolonged AB therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, dry/dusty conditions

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12
Q

What is one of the main features of mycotic abortions in ruminants?

A

Leathery skin lesions on the fetus and placentitis

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13
Q

T/F: Air sacculitis and caseous granulomatous pneumonia is a common infection of fungi in birds

A

true

“brooder pneumonia”
*Aspergillosis

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14
Q

What kind of pH does fungus grow in?

A

Grows well in low/acidic pH

*can infect rumen

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15
Q

Who does mycotic keratinitis occur in?

A

Horses - infection occurs after corneal abrasion

Can see hyphae in impression smear made from eye

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16
Q

T/F: Disseminated aspergillosis is limited to organs in the thorax

A

FALSE

can infect ANY organ!!!

17
Q

What lesion may you notice on the exterior of a dog with a pneumonia caused by a aspergillus fungal infection?

A

loss of pigment on the nose

18
Q

How do you dx apergillus?

A

Direct demonstration via microscope or culture

19
Q

Prototheca is what kind of organism?

A

Achlorophyllous algae

***very prevalent in a warm, aquatic environment

20
Q

What is the main clinical presentation of Prototheca in dogs?

*what is another FUNGAL agent that causes the same dz process?

A

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

**histoplasma also presents as HGE in dogs

21
Q

What does prototheca look like under the microscope?

A

Looks like a large yeast (large oval) with many segmented sections inside

22
Q

T/F: Prototheca is an infectious organism

A

FALSE

It is an organism acquired from the environment - not transferred between hosts

23
Q

Is prototheca easy or difficult to treat?

A

Not so easy

Can sometimes perform surgical excision - if there is a single cutaneous lesion

Antimicrobials are NOT successful - many animals are culled or euthanized

24
Q

Oomycetes are _____ molds, that include Pythium insidiosum and Lagenidium

A

WATER

25
Q

Oomycetes cause what form of dz in horses, cats, and people?

A

Cutaneous

26
Q

Oomycetes cause what form of dz in dogs?

A

Cutaneous and GI

27
Q

What organism causes swamp cancer in horses?

A

Pythium insidiosum

aka “florida horse leech/Kunkers”

28
Q

Pythiosis in horses causes what?

A

Large neoplasms and lesions on the body - sometimes looks similar to proud flesh

29
Q

What is the prognosis for a dog with GI pythiosis?

A

POOR

30
Q

How do you dx pythiosis?

A

Need to do a culture

Can do a pythium PCR

31
Q

Who is affected by white nose syndrome and what is the etiology?

A

Hibernating bats

Pseudogymnoascus destructants

32
Q

Chytridiomycosis is a disease of _______, caused by __________

A

Dz of amphibians

Caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

33
Q

What does rhinosporidium cause?

A

Nasal polyps in dogs, other mammals, and birds

34
Q

Pneumocystis infects what animals?

A

Animals with immunodeficiency

35
Q

What is the microsporidian parasite that affects the brain and kidney of rabbits?

A

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

36
Q

T/F: Mycotoxins are primary metabolites produced by fungi that are capable of causing disease and death in humans and other animals

A

FALSE

Mycotoxins are SECONDARY metabolites (the rest is correct)

RUSVM BacT Spring 2017 (15 decks)

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