Final Exam: Skin infections Flashcards
What is one of the first clinical signs you may see that would lead to you consider a fungal infection?
Alopecia
If you see a patient with dermatitis or pyoderma, the first thing that comes to your mind is..?
bacterial infection
may be secondary - but is causing pyoderma
What is panniculitis?
inflammation of SQ fat
What is cellulitis?
Inflammation of the dermis and SQ fat - dissects through tissue planes
What types of bacteria would you suspect with an infection presenting with suppurative inflammation?
Granulomatous?
pyogranulomatous?
Suppurative - pyogenic bacteria like Staph
Granulomatous - more complex bacteria like Mycobacteria
Pyogranulomatous - Nocardia, corynebacterium, atinobacillus, actinomyces
Since many skin infections have a similar outward appearance, what are some things that you must not forget to take into consideration?
Geographic location
Weather
Distribution/location on body
Detailed history from owner (ectoparasites? access to water? ect)
What is the MOST COMMON pyogenic bacteria seen in dogs?
NEVERFORGET
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
T/F: Methicillin resistant staphylococcus means that bacteria is resistant to methicillin only
FALSE
Resistance to multiple antimicrobials
When performing a bacterial culture and susceptibility, what should be collected?
Fresh purulent discharge or fresh tissue. Using a swab (should never be sent in dry for a culture)
T/F: Dermatohistopathology can be useful in ruling out fungal infections
TRUE
also helps rule out autoimmune, and neoplastic differentials
What is important to keep in mind when treating a skin infection?
**there is almost always an underlying cause! If that is not treated, you will have repeat infections
What staphylococcus isolates should be considered Clindamycin resistant?
Staph isolates which are macrolide (erythromycin) resistant.
Due to inducible clindamycin resistance
What is the etiology for Greasy Pig Disease?
Staphylococcus hyicus
Piglets 1-6 weeks of age
What is the etiology for Bumble Foot in chickens?
Staphylococcus aureus
*can also cause pyogranulomatous infections in lab mice, humans, and horses
Staphylococcal species with super antigens can cause what syndrome?
TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME
What is the etiology of feline leprosy?
Common etiology of lymph node abscess in cats?
Common etiology of cat bite abscesses?
- Feline leprosy = mycobacterial infections
- LN abscess = Yersina pestis
- Cat bite abscesses = Pasteurella spps
T/F: Clostridium is a gram POSITIVE anaerobe
TRUE
There is one gram negative clostridium = piliforme
What bacteria can cause pyoderma in dogs post operatively, and sometimes have a green/blue appearance and sweet odor?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
facultative pathogenic - usually secondary infection
T/F: Coagulase negative staphylococci often cause disease in immunocompetent animals
FALSE
**less pathogenic than coagulase positive staph
Rarely will cause dz in animals with a functional immune system
Are topical or systemic antimicrobials preferred to treat superficial skin infections?
Judiciously choose topical vs systemic when possible- to decrease antimicrobial resistance
You are concerned you are a carrier of MSRP, and would like to have a culture confirm that, from where do you collect a sample?
Nasal swab!
Humans are often carries of MRSP - nares are the most common site of colonization
What is the most common mode of transmission of ring worm from pet to human? What animal is usually responsible and what fungus?
Cats are often asymptomatic carriers of Microsporum canis - direct contact with owner
You take a sample from a a cow that has a scabby head and back, under the microscope you see bacteria that have a distinct “train track” appearance. What does your scabby cow have?
Dermatophilis congolensis
What disease does Actinomyces bovis cause?
Lumpy jaw
pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis
