Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology 484 > Mycobacterium > Flashcards

Mycobacterium Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell wall structure of Mycobacterium

A

Comprised of peptidoglycan complex & 60% lipids

60% lipids are comprised of mycolic acids, cord factor, was D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mycolic acid

A

Unique alpha branching lipid that is highly hydrophobic, creating a lipid shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cord factor

A

serpentine cord that is toxic & causes inhibition of PMN’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Wax d

A

Cell envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Temp pattern commonly seen with tuberculosis infections

A

Skin - 30 C
Lungs 37 C
42 C for Mycobacterium xenopi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Acid fast organisms

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium avium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by “acid fast”?

A

Resists decolorization with up to 3% hydrochloric acid & some also resist decolorizatin with 95% ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ziehl-Neelson method of staining

A

Uses heat to get the primary stain into the cell wall of organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Kinyon method of staining

A

Uses the detergent phenol to get the primary stain into the cell wall of org

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Multiple drug resistant TB

A

Org is resistant to at least one of the two of the anti TB drugs, either isoniazid/rifampin/or both.
May be necessary to use amikacin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Rifapentine
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide
A

First line of treatment for TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Clycloserine
Ethionamide
Levofloxacin
Gatifloxacin
Streptomycin
Amikacin/Rahamycin
Capreomycin
p-Aminosaliclic acid
A

Second line of treatment for TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Initial treatment

A

8 week treatment with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide

Depending on dosage, some therapy regiments can be reduced to a shorter time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Continuation of treatment

A

Can be additional 18 weeks with antimicrobials from the second line of drugs.
100% of patients are under direct observation therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

M. tuberculosis morphology

A

Rough cords

Slow grower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Heat stable catalase = 
Nitrate + 
Niacin + 
NaCl = 
Tween 80 hydrolysis = 
Urease +
A

M. tuberculosis test ID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

M. avium complex morphology

A

Smooth/rough, translucent

slow grower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
Heat stable catalase:  w +
Nitrate +
Niacin +
NaCl = 
Tween 80 hydrolysis = 
Urease +
A

M. avium test ID

19
Q

M. kansasii morphology

A

Smooth/rough

Slow grower

20
Q 
Heat stable catalase +
Nitrate +
Niacin = 
NaCl = 
Tween 80 hydrolysis = 
Urease +
A

M. kansasii test ID

21
Q

M. fortuitum morphology

A

Smooth

Rapid grower

22
Q 
Heat stable + 
Nitrate + 
Niacin =
NaCl +
Tween 80 hydrolysis + 
Urease +
A

M. fortuitum test ID

23
Q

M. leprae morphology

A

Cannot get to grow

24
Q

Runyon classification of nonchromagenic

A

Colonies are buff colored

25
Q

Runyon classification of photochromogens

A

Species that produce carotene pigment with light

26
Q

Runyon classification of scotochromogens

A

Produce pigment in light or dark

27
Q

What is the Mycobacterium species that has been isolated in increasing numbers since the advent of AIDS?

A

Mycobacterium avium complex

28
Q

What disease is caused by Hansen’s bacillus?

A

Leprosy –> Mycobacterium leprae

29
Q

Auramine-rhodamin fluorochrome stain

A

More sensitive than the carbofuchsin stains
Can be screened on a lower magnification
Min of 300 fields
Org appears yellow-orange against a dark background

30
Q

BACTEC method for culturing Mycobacterium

A

radiometric culture system. Isolation, susceptibility testing & an inhibitor to only allow M. tuberculosis to be detected. org may be isolated within 3 weeks

31
Q

PCR method for culturing Mycobacterium

A

Now becoming available for use

32
Q

Specimen collection for M. tuberculosis

A

Respiratory secretions most common, first morning specimens seem to be most concentrated.
Gastric, urine, stool, blood, CSF, tissue samples are also seen

33
Q

M. kansasii clinical significance

A

Pulmonary disease of upper lobes, usually with cavitation & scarring

34
Q

M. kansasii medthod of ID

A

Photochromogen, catalase +, nitrate +

35
Q

M. fortuitum-chelonae clinical significance

A

Variety of infections of skin, lungs, bone, CNS

36
Q

M. fortuitum-chelonae method of differentiation

A

Both are rapid growers

Nitrate =

37
Q

M. bovis clinical significance

A

Disease manifestation looks like M. tuberculosis in patient, grows more slowly

38
Q

M. bovis method of differentiation

A

Niacin =, nitrate =, don’t grow in TCH

39
Q

M. avium clinical significance

A

Usually appears as a lung disease

40
Q

M. avium method of differentiation

A

Outcome is unpredictable.

Disseminated in immunosuppressed patients

41
Q

Medium used for iso of Mycobacterium

A

Egg based media - Lowenstein-Jensen, ATS, Petragnan

Contain malachite green to inhibit NF, pH between 6.5-6.8, need increased humidity

42
Q

Serum/agar based medium used for iso of Mycobacterium

A

7H10 & 7H11 agars

43
Q

Liquid media used for iso of Mycobacterium

A

BACTEC systems

Microbiology 484 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions