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DSHS History Italy > Mussolinis economy > Flashcards

Mussolinis economy Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was his first minister of economics ?

A

De Stefani

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2
Q

When was the IRI established?

A

1933

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3
Q

What percentage of iron production was bought in shares by the IRI?

A

70%

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4
Q

How did Mussolini try to combat high unemployment levels?

A

Public work schemes were introduced- built motorways, and hydroelectric power dams

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5
Q

What did the IMI protect?

A

Banks

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6
Q

Why was Mussolini’s response to the Great Depression partly unsuccessful?

A

Small businesses were allowed to collapse

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7
Q

How many people were unemployed in Italy by 1933?

A

2 million

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8
Q

Why did the Italian economy suffer after 1929?

A

Italy had relied on loans from the USA, however after the Wall Street Crash in 1929 loans were withdrawn and Italy (like much of Europe) fell into recession

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9
Q

who replaced De Stefani?

A

Count Volpi.

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10
Q

What did De Stefani do?

A

He lowered taxes and reduced state intervention in business.

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11
Q

Why was Count Volpi chosen as the new finance minister?

A

Because unlike De Stefani he was a member of the fascist party.

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12
Q

By 1925 what industry became state-owned?

A

Telecommunication industry.

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13
Q

Why was it important to reform the economy?

A

South needed economic support. Italy was economically reliant on others.

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14
Q

What was Mussolini’s reason for replacing De Stefani?

A

Needed to prepare for the introduction of the corporate state.

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15
Q

Why was inheritance not taxed?

A

Mussolini wanted to keep the support of the rich landowning classes.

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16
Q

Did Mussolini’s policies lead to change?

A

No, kept power with those who already had it.

17
Q

What is one of the main weaknesses of the corporate state?

A

Corrupt officials/ Workers couldn’t choose their own union/ Limiting works rights/ Eliminating workers rights,

18
Q

In what year were strikes and lockouts prohibited?

A

1926

19
Q

When were independent trade unions banned?

A

1925/1926

20
Q

What was the name of the Finance Minister that Mussolini appointed to help balance the nations budget?

A

Alberto de Stefani

21
Q

What year was Stefani dismissed?

A

1925

22
Q

Who then replaced Stefani as finance minister in 1925?

A

Count Giuseppe Volpi

23
Q

Why did Mussolini believe that banning strikes would be a good idea ?

A

He believed it would bring industrial peace and bring an end to class warfare.

24
Q

What is one of the four things that should have come of the ‘3rd way’?

A
  1. National interest advanced,
  2. Economy prospers,
  3. Ends class division,
  4. Problems solved by negotiation, not struggle.
25
Q

What does autarky mean?

A

National self-sufficiency, allowing Italy to become superior to, and independent of, other nations.

26
Q

When was the High Corporation of Autarky formed?

A

1937

27
Q

What two nations imposed sanctions on Italy over the Italian invasion of Abyssinia?

A

Britain and France

28
Q

What year did Italy invade Abyssinia?

A

1935

29
Q

What percentage of shipbuilding did the government own?

A

80%

30
Q

Name something that Italy couldn’t import when sanctions were in place in the 1930s

A

Textiles, grain, or steel

31
Q

How much of Italian domestic production made up its raw material needs in 1939?

A

1/5

32
Q

When was the lira devalued for the second time?

A

1936

33
Q

Was Mussolini an economist?

A

No, but he was a realist when it came to his abilities. Because of this he appointed De Stefani

34
Q

By what % did imports decline between 1925 and 1935?

A

75%

35
Q

What was one of the largest benefits of the Battle for the lira?

A

It increased productivity in industry dependent on imports. E.g steel and chemical

36
Q

What triggered the EOAs move towards welfare?

A

The depression in 1931

37
Q

Who were the successful ones in economic depression?

A

Latifundia and the government as they prospered from shares from larger businesses

38
Q

What was seen as, arguably, more important than international trade for the prestige of Mussolini’s economic policies?

A

Internal markets

DSHS History Italy (59 decks)

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