Mussolini Foriegn Policy 1922-1935 Flashcards
Who was assassinated in Marseilles?
King Alexander II of Yugoslavia.
In what year did the assanination of king Alexander take place?
1934
Who was the blamed for the assassination of king Alexander?
The Hungarians.
When was Fiume annexed
1924
Which treaty granted Italy fiume
The treaty of Rome
Who previously governed fiume
Yugoslavia
What did the Kellog Briande Pact agree?
Nations will use diplomacy to solve problems not war
Who does Mussolini send to sign the Kellog Brianne Pact? And why?
Manzoni, because at the Locarno Pact, journalists had boycotted his press conference- save himself the humiliation
What year was the Kellog Briande Pact signed?
1928
What year did Albania become a protectorate?
1926
Why was Albania of strategic value to Italy
It’s proximity to the Balkans and Adriatic Sea
What treaty was signed to make Albania a protectorate as a defensive alliance?
The Treaty of Tirana
How was Italy involved in the assanination of king Alexander?
Supplied weapons and training for the assassins.
When was the locarno pact
1925
Who boycotted Mussolinis arrival at the locarno pact
100 journalists
Why was France criticised over the assassination of king Alexander?
Did not offer suitable protection.
How did Italy survive the crisis surrounding the assassination of king Alexander?
Suddenly blamed Hungry for it. Betrayed Hungry who he had previously supported over the issue.
What was signed between Italy, Austria, and Hungary in 1934?
The Rome Protocols
Who was the pro-Fascist (Mussolini-fanboy) leader of Austria?
Dolfuss
What was the name of the Fascist Party of Austria?
Fatherland Front
Why had relations been soured with Austria before?
They had refused to hand over Venice to Italy, and controlled the Irredenta. Also Italy had fought against them in WW1
Why did Mussolini get closer with Dolfuss?
Because he wanted to prevent Anschluss, to avoid having Italy border Germany. Dolfuss also banned the Austrian Nazi Party.
What is Anschluss?
The annexation of Austria by Germany
What were the aims of the locarno pact
To reaffirm the terms of the treaty of Versailles
Why did relations reach an all time low in March 1935?
- Nazi Germany revealed the existence of the Luftwaffe, in breach of ToV
- introducing military conscription to create an army 5x the size permitted by the ToV (96k)
How did BM react to the German threat in March 1935?
Agreed to meet Britain and France in Stresa to organise a response to the apparent German threat. The result was a declaration that the 3 powers in the SF would collaborate to prevent any further breaches in the treaties that might threaten peace.
What did BM realise at the Stresa Front?
- that Britain & France had just as much, if not more reason to fear Hitler.
- to avoid a German-Italian rapprochement, Britain and France would be more sympathetic towards Italian ambitions and more tolerant towards Italian adventures overseas.
What was the aim of Stresa Front?
to reaffirm the Locarno treaties and to declare that the independence of Austria would continue to “inspire their common policy”. They also agreed to resist any attempts by the Germans to change ToV.
