Mussolini and the church Flashcards
Mussolini early negative influence regarding the church was his…
father - an anti clerical socialist
Mussolini referred to Catholic priests early in his journalistic career as
black germs
The issue of the church not recognising the new Italian monarchy since 1870 was known as
the roman question
Which priest lead popolari as part of an anti fascist coalition ?
Don Sturzo
Who competed with Fascist syndicates, leading to further tension ?
Catholic TUs
Which rival youth group competed with Mussolini’s Ballilia?
Catholic action
After 1922, the Catholic church saw the benefit of a fascist alliance because
they were protection against godless socialists and ignorant liberals
what did Mussolini renounce in 1922
Aetheism
What was banned in public ?
swearing
What did Pope Pius order his clergy to do in 1923 ?
remain neutral and not support Popolari
Which of the popes ministers did Mussolini secretly meet with to arrange a pact ?
Gasparri
In June 1923 what action against Popolari did the Pope take
He sacked Don Sturzo as leader
Why did the Pope support Mussolini over the Matteoti crisis ?
He thought Mussolini’s weakened position would allow him to manipulate him
Why did the Pope support Mussolini over the Matteoti crisis ?
He feared Mussolini’s fall would bring in a hard left government
How did Mussolini win over the catholic church following the removal of popolari ?
bapitized his children, re affirmed his vows, arranged the marriage of his daughter in St Peters
Why by 1926 was the church open to a deal with Mussolini ?
He was clearly in control, without opposition and wasn’t going to be removed
when was the lateran treaty signed ?
February 1929
What did Mussolini call the Vatican?
A Nest of Robbers
What did the Pope call Mussolini?
The Man of Providence
What did Pope Pius XI fall out with Mussolini over in 1939?
Mussolini’s Proclamation that Italians were a “pure, superior, race.”
Who came to Rome in 1939 that upset the Pope?
Hitler
Who replaced Pius XI as Pope after his death in 1939?
Pope Pius XII (Cardinal Pacelli)
What was the name of Mussolini’s mistress, whom he wanted to keep away from papal interference?
Clara Petacci
How many treaties were signed as part of the Lateran Accords?
Three.
What was the name of the road built between Rome and Vatican?
Via Della Coniliazione (Road of conciliation).
What influence did the church achieve after the Lateran accords were signed.
Right to control religious education in schools.
How much was paid to the church by the state under the Lateran Accords?
2 billion Lira.
What famous anti-catholic leader is it thought Mussolini was named after?
Benito Juarez.
After the Lateran Accords, what could the church no longer do?
Speak out against the Fascist regime.
Who was the first PM in agreement
Minghetti
Where did Mussolini recognize the Pope’s authority?
The Vatican
What did the pope agree not to get involved with
State affairs
in 1938 the church disagreed with Mussolini laws on . . .
Race - persecution of Italian Jews
In a dispute over Catholic action, the church had to agree
Catholic groups would not compete against fascist groups
What did Mussolini famously refuse to do to the Pope even after the lateran treaty
Kiss his ring ( wahey !!! )
300 priests from which Italian city refused to recognise fascism, even after the Lateran treaty ?
Milan
Priests would collaborate with the regime and even said the opening blessing at
Campo Dux ( annual festival of Ballilia )
How much money did the church get in the concordat
26 billion lira
Who does Hollins claim Mussolini was named after
Anti Catholic Benito Javerez
Who did the pope belief that he and Mussolini were allied against?
communists
What did the pope ban priests from before the treaty
elections
