Fascistisation Flashcards
What was OVRA spending in 1924-26?
7.5% of government expenditure
What was OVRA spending in 1936-40?
4.6% of government expenditure
What laws in 1938 earned the disapproval of the public?
1938 (Anti-Semitic) Race Laws
In what war did Italians fight one another?
The Spanish Civil War
Why did the plebiscites in 1929 and 1934 gain a 90% approval?
Voters had to ask for different colours if they were voting for different things.
What was Party membership in 1943?
4.3 Million
Who were ‘meal ticket fascists’?
Those who were only fascists for the brnefits.
What 1938 laws radicalised the party?
The Customs Laws
What did PNF stand for?
Per Neccesita Familia (for family reasons)
What did l’inquadramento
Fascistisationn
What was fascism against in 1919?
Anti capitalist, Anti individual, Anti urban, Anti westen, Anti socialist.
How had fascism changed come 1922?
Less radical. Supported the church and other establishments.
Why by 1929 could Mussolini begin to introduce more reform?
Lateran treaty had given him more influence and the economy was now stable enough to introduce new reform.
What form of greeting was banned?
Handshake replaced with salute.
What group in society were most obstructionist?
The Latifundia.
What group in society supported fascist change?
The industrial middle classes.
How did Robson describe the attitude of the Italian people?
Said they showed outward conformity with little inward conviction.
As of 1937 who’s influence could be seen in fascism that was unpopular in Italy?
Hitler.
What could we argue about Italian fascistisation?
That there was never a program of fascisation. That fascistisation developed over time. That the regime was never strong enough to complete the fascisation process.
What were the laws banning trade unions?
Rocco Laws
When, arguably, did fascination really kick in?
After the Matteotti Crisis in 1924