music 251-300 Flashcards
What frequencey describes the pitch A played one ctave lower than A -440
A-220
fundamental harmonic
the loudesr and strongest pitch produced by asound wave
what note is the enharmonic equivalent of C#
Db
what note is the enharmonic equivalent of Bb
A#
what note is the dominant equivalent of G
D
which triad inversion has the third on the bottom?
first inversion
a triad with the root position note at the bottom
root position
the set of pitch relationships in which a piece or section of a piece of music occurs
key
what pitch determines the name and gravitational center of a key?
the tonic pitch
whcih scale degrees stermine whether a key is major or minor
^3 ^6 and 7^
chromatic pitches
pitches that are not within the key of a piece of music
a set of accidentals that indicate the key
key signiture
Define rhythm.
Rhythm is the ordering and grouping of sounds and silences through time.
What term is used to refer to the basic pulse of music?
beat
What happens to the beats of a piece if the tempo increases?
An increase in tempo means the music moves faster, causing the beats to come closer together in time.
What is the difference between tempo and meter?
Tempo merely measures how fast the beat is while meter refers to the rhythmic groupings of stressed and unstressed beats.
what note is the dominant pitch in the key of g?
D
what note is the dominant pitch in the key of Bb
F
‘what note is the dominant pitch in the key of D#
A#
What note is the leading tone in the key of A
G#
What note is the leading tone in the key of f
E
what is the term for the form of a song that contains several unique sections without repetition
through composed
wat interval occurs between F and G#
augmented second
what interval occurs between ^6 and raised ^7 in a harmonic minor scale?
augmented second
which minor scale changes its pitches when played descending?
melodic
how much larger than an octave is a minor ninth
a minor second
how much larger than an octave is a major tenth
a major third
how many half steps does a major ninth contain
14
what does a key signature that includes a D flat imply?
the pitch of D will automatically be lowered for the rest of the piece
how many accidentals are there in the key of c?
none
how many and what type of accidental are there in the key of F?
1 flat
How many and what type of accidentals are there in the key of G?
1 sharp
how many and what type of accidentals are there in the key of E?
4 sharps
the quality of a pitch, interval, or chords that makes it seem suitable for rest or resolution
consonance
an interval made up of three whole steps
tritone
according to USAD, what instruments are included in a typical jazz band?
clarinet, trumpet, trombone, saxophone, piano, double bass, and percussion
in order from highest to lowest, what are the strings of a cello
a3, d3, g2, c2, the same letters as a viola but an octave lower
What is a diatonic scale?
A diatonic scale is a scale that uses notes from the chromatic scale, but contains only seven notes per octave. For example, the major and minor scales are types of diatonic scales.
what is the typical range of the alto voice?
G3 to D5, +/- one or two notes
what is periodization?
periodization is the process of dividing history into specific memorably segments
who first used the term renaissance
Jules Michelet, a 19th century french historian
Who wrote the Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy?
Jacob Burkhardt, a 19th century Swiss historian
What are the most common meters in Western music?
duple meter (groups of two beats) and triple meter (groups of three beats)
What is the difference between simple and compound meter?
A simple meter is one in which each beat is divided in half; in compound meter, beats are divided into groups of three.
What is a downbeat?
A downbeat is the first beat of a measure. It is almost always an accented beat.
Music notation must provide at least what two important pieces of information about the work?
Music notation must clearly indicate the pitches of the notes and their durations.
What elements of Wester musical notation are used to indicate pitch?
The clef and the placement of notes on the stuff indicate the desired pitches.
What elements of musical notation indicate the duration and rhythm of notes?
The appearance and shape of the notes and the different symbols used to indicate rests indicate the intended rhythm and duration of notes.
Who created the system of musical notation upon which the modern Western system is based?
Franco of Cologne (13th Century)
What do rests indicate?
Rests indicate that there should be a silence of a certain length in the music.
