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Academic Decathlon > music 201-250 > Flashcards

music 201-250 Flashcards

1
Q

the steady pulse that underlies most music

A

beat

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2
Q

the speed of the beat

A

tempo

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3
Q

the tempo of a piece slowing down

A

ritardondo

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4
Q

the tempo of a piece speeding up

A

accelerando

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5
Q

a piece f music with no beat

A

unmetered music

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6
Q

a piece of music iwth a beat that speeds up or slows down for expressive purposes

A

rubato

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7
Q

which beat of a musical measure is strongest?

A

the first, also called the downbeat

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8
Q

the pattern of emphasis superimposed on groups of beats

A

meter

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9
Q

a group of beats

A

a measure, or bar

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10
Q

music with groups of 2 or 4 beats

A

duple meter

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11
Q

a note that falls before the downbeat of the first measure

A

pickup, or anacrusis

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12
Q

What THREE elements of notation indicate the duration of a note?

A

the note head, the flags on the stem, and dots

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13
Q

How many numbers do time signatures contain?

A

2

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14
Q

what does the top number of a time signature represent

A

the number of beats in a measure

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15
Q

what does the bottom number of a time signiture represent?

A

how long one beat is

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16
Q

a beat with a triple subdivision

A

compound meter

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17
Q

measures with different meters occurring in succession

A

mixed meter

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18
Q

two or more meters occurring simultaneously

A

polymeter

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19
Q

emphasizing notes that fall on weak beats or in between beats

A

syncopation

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20
Q

two or more conflicting rhythmic patterns occurring simultaneously

A

polyrhythm

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21
Q

two or more tones sounding simultaneously

A

harmony

22
Q

the system used in western cultures to organize pitch and harmony

A

common practice tonality

23
Q

3 or more

A

how many notes must there be in a chord

24
Q

a three note chord up of two intervals of a third

A

triad

25
Q

what are the FOUR types of triad

A

major, minor, diminished, and augmented

26
Q

in ascending order, what intervals make up a major triad?

A

a major third and a minor third

27
Q

in ascending order, what intervals make up a minor triad?

A

a minor third and a major third

28
Q

in ascending order, what intervals make up a diminished triad?

A

a major third and a major third

29
Q

what is the lowest note of a triad known as?

A

the root

30
Q

WHAT IS THE HIGHEST NOTE OF A TIRAD KNOWN AS??????????????????????????

A

the fifth

31
Q

Under what circumstance can the human ear not hear beats?

A

Beats cannot be detected by the human ear if they become too fast. If two interfering pitches are far apart in frequency, there will be too many beats per second for the ear to perceive them.

32
Q

What scientist extensively studied the frequencies of interfering waves and the beats they produce?

A

Hermann von Helmholtz

33
Q

According to Helmholtz, which three ratios between frequencies and corresponding intervals create the “smoothest” sounds?

A

1:1 (two notes of the same pitch), 1:2 (an octave(, 2:3 (a fifth)

34
Q

What is the difference between consonance and dissonance?

A

Consonance occurs when interacting pitches and their overtones are complementary so do not produce audible beats; dissonance is when overtones clash with one another and create beats.

35
Q

In addition to harmonics and beats, what quality of a n instrument affects its timbre?

A

The material of which the instrument is constructed affects its timbre.

36
Q

When a material is forced into vibrating at one of its naturally occurring frequencies, what do we call this response?

A

resonance

37
Q

what is polyphone

A

polyphonic music inclues two or more separate melodies occurring simultaneously

38
Q

what term is used to describe the texture of music that has a single melody accompanied by music hat is written in the same key as the primary melody

A

homophony

39
Q

what is heterophony

A

heterophopnic music features a single meoldy that is played in slightly different forms by multiple voices or instruments at the same time

40
Q

describe homorhythmic texture

A

homorhythmic texture occurs when the accompanying parts have the same rhythm as the primary melody

41
Q

what is polyrhythmic teutre

A

occurs when two or more lines of music with differen meters are played simultaneously

42
Q

what is form

A

the term used to refer to the overall framework or organization of a piece of music

43
Q

what is the form of a piece of music that has two or more distinct sections

A

compound form

44
Q

name the musical form that consists of ovements inspired by dances

A

a suite

45
Q

what is an open form

A

in which a sectionor piece ends unresolved or in a key other than the ones in which it behan

46
Q

what is close form

A

a piece written in closed form features a definite resolution and a sense of closure; it ends o nthe tonic of the key in which it began

47
Q

wehat textural and melodic similarities exist between a fugue and a motet

A

both feauture extensive polyphony and melodic repetition

48
Q

ethnomusicology

A

the study or comparitive study of the music of other cultures

49
Q

why does an arbitary dropped object not produce a pitch?

A

its sound wave is short and irregular

50
Q

what THREE techniques are used to make the strings of chordophones vibrate?

A

plucking, bowing or striking the strings

Academic Decathlon (35 decks)

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