Musculosketal System

Question 1

Function of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 1

Gives your body its structure and support. Helps you move around

Question 2

Ligaments

Answer 2

stabilize the joint or hold the ends of two bones together

Question 3

The muscle system

Answer 3

Provides forces that can move the skeleton in different ways

Question 4

Tendons

Answer 4

Creates tension in muscle which makes it contract and move

Question 5

functions of the skeleton

Answer 5

Protects important organs in the body.
It provides a riggid structure which supports other body tissue.
It provides a way for the body to move.

Question 6

Two main parts of the skeleton

Answer 6

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

Question 7

The axial skeleton

Answer 7

The axial skeleton protects important organs and includes the following:
Skull
Vertebral column
Vertebrate
Ribs
Sternum

Question 8

Skull

Answer 8

Protects brain in large cavity

Question 9

Vetrabral column (spine,backbone)

Answer 9

Made up of vertebrate which enclose the spinal cord

Question 10

The ribs and sternum (breastbone)

Answer 10

This cage encloses ans protects the lungs

Question 11

The appendicular skeleton

Answer 11

The appendicular skeleton is connected to the axial skeleton.

Question 12

Four limbs of appendicular skeleton

Answer 12

Humerus
Radius
Ulana
Carpals

Question 13

Humerus

Answer 13

The upper foreleg bone

Question 14

Radius and ulana

Answer 14

The lower foreleg bones

Question 15

Function of carpals

Answer 15

connects and serves as a transition point between the forearm and hand

Question 16

What are the phalanges

Answer 16

The bones in the toes of all four feet

Question 17

What’s does the metacarpals do

Answer 17

Connect the phalanges to the carpals

Question 18

Scapula

Answer 18

Shoulder bone

Question 19

Clavicle

Answer 19

Collor bone

Question 20

Femer

Answer 20

The upper hind leg bone

Question 21

Tibia and fibula

Answer 21

The lower hindleg bone

Question 22

Tarsals

Answer 22

What’s the lower hindleg attaches to

Question 23

Meteatarsals

Answer 23

Connect the phanlanges to the tarsals

Question 24

Pelvis

Answer 24

The pelvis is made up of the sacrum and hip bone which itself is made up of the pubis, ilium and ischium

Question 25

Sesamoid bones

Answer 25

They have a similar shape to seseame seeds. They are found within the tendons.

Question 26

Irregular bones

Answer 26

Don’t fit into the classification above

Question 27

Muscular system

Answer 27

There a three types of muscle in an animals body:
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle

Question 28

Smooth muscle

Answer 28

Exists in internal organs such as the stomach and intestines

Question 29

Cardiac muscle

Answer 29

Only exists in the heart. Is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

Question 30

Sketal muscle

Answer 30

Work in conjunction with joints to move the skeleton

Question 31

Joints

Answer 31

The points where bones meet

Question 32

Injury and disease of musculoskeletal system

Answer 32

Osteoarthritis
Osteomalacia
Tendon and ligament injuries

Question 33

Osteoarthritis

Answer 33

The condition is due to inflamed joints

Question 34

Osteomalacia

Answer 34

An imbalance of minerals in the diet

Question 35

Tendon and ligaments injuries

Answer 35

Large forces are transmitted through tendons and ligaments

Question 36

4 things about Swimming mammals

Answer 36

• they have a vestigial pelvis- without any hind limbs it is no longer needed
• the ribs can adjust positions, so they can withstand the high pressures associated with diving
•much shorter humerus but longer phalanges to allow the flipper to act more like paddles which are used for steering.
•there are only four fingers but the phalanges are much longer then the metacarpals in contrast to land mammals

Question 37

3 things about Running mammals

Answer 37

•some bones in the skull are fused to help make the skeleton lighter
• there is an extended ridge of bone on the sternum called a keel to which the muscles responsible for flying are attached
• they have developed an extra bone of the food called calcar to support the skin that lies between the tail and the hind limbs

Question 38

3 things Hopping animals

Answer 38

•they have a relatively longer hind and forelimbs due to longer metatarsals and metacarpals.
•reduced clavicle or no clavicle at all which allows the greater mobility of scapula which in turn allows for a greater stride length
•increased flexibility of the vertebrate particularly for fast sprinters such as cheetahs to allow the whole body to flex up and down and create more power

Question 39

Difference between tendons and ligaments

Answer 39

A tendon serves to move the bone or structure. A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Question 40

Three advantages of mammalian musculoskeletal system

Answer 40

locomotion, facilitating breathing, protecting internal organs, and coordinating global energy expenditure.

Question 41

The main adoptions to the musculoskeletal system that are seen in horses

Answer 41

Increased muscle mass relative to body weight