Animal Senses Flashcards
5 parts of the ear
Ear drum
Ear canal
Stapes
Incus
Malleus
Parts of the eyes
Iris
Pupil
Conrea
Lens
Scalea
Retina
5 major senses
Vision
Hearing
Smell
Taste
Touch
Conrea
A thin transparent disc at the front of the eye that bends light
Pupil
The opening in the center of the eye which lets light through
Iris
Coloured structure surrounding the pupil
Lens
Flexible tissue whose job is to change shape in order to bend light beams
Sclera
Outer layer of the eye
Protects the eye
Retina
Inner layer of eye
React to light hitting them
Ciliary body
The ring tissue at the front of the eye
Connected to the lens
Rod and cone cells
Rod are sensitive to light but not change of colour
Cones sensitive to different colours but are not responsible for colour vision
Choriod
Layer of tissue between the retina and the sclera
Contains lots of blood vessels
What colour do animals see
Cone cells let them dectect blue and green
Outer ear
Pinna- visible portion of the ear that’s helps direct sound into the ear
Ear canal (auditory meatus )
Passageway that connects pinna to the middle ear
Middle ear
•Tympanic membrane- ear drum, very thin surface connected to the ear canal
•malleus- hammer shaped, the first three small bones, attached to ear drum
•incus- anvil shaped bone, sits between and connected to melleus and stapes
•stapes - stirrup shaped bone, connected to incus and oval window
Middle ear fact
Also connected to the throat
Inner ear
•Oval window- connects the middle ear to the inner ear. Vibrations from stapes causes oval window to vibrate
•round window- allow the fluid within the cochlea space to move
•semi-circular canals- part of ear control balance nothing to do with hearing
•cochlea- structure looks like snail shell. Vibrates when the oval window vibrates. Central organ of inner ear
Organ of corgi
Attached to the membrane in cochlea consists of speacil cells with hair- like projections all along with membrane
Nose
Nasal chambers - the spaces leading from the nostrils all the way to the top of the throat
•turbinates- network of bone, tissue and blood vessels shaped like shells that air passes through during breathing
•olfactory nerve - made up of rector cells. Back of the nose. Rector cells passes air through that is breathed in
•olfactory bulb - able to organise different smells but sends information to the cerebral cortex in the brain for further processing
Taste
Taste buds- collection of cells located in the mouth. On the tongue and soft palate.
•palate- roof of mouth which separates nasal chambers from the mouth
•hard palate- towards the front of the roof of the mouth. Made of bones that are part of the skull
Soft palate- towards the back of the top of the mouth. Made of muscle and tissue is able to move
Extended hard palate
Allows animals to chew and breathe
Tastes and taste buds
Allow the animal to know if anything is dangerous
Touch
Also known as tactile or somatosensory system
Speacil nerve cells
Skin receptors near the surface of the skin that turn information about touching into electrical signals
Three main types of the skin receptors
Mechanoreceptors- respond to gentle normal touch pressure
• thermoreceptors- detect temperature
Nociceptors- pain receptors respond the sensations
Optic disc eye
The nerve begins and leaves the eye causing the light sensitive cells to go
Optic nerver eye
Made of nureons which transport signals received at the retina to the brain
Jacob’s organ
Located in three hard palate under the nasal cavity.
Regulates hormones in body.
Plays an impoimportant role in mating
Detect predators and prey’s
