Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

Form of electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 1

X-Ray

Question 2

Nuclear scanning test that identifies new areas of bone growth or breakdown.

Answer 2

Bone Scan

Question 3

Creates a 3-D image from multiple X-rays images.

Answer 3

Computed Tomography Scan (CT)

Question 4

Measure the electrical impulses of muscles at rest and during contraction.

Answer 4

Electromyogram (EMG)

Question 5

Allows analysis of fluid for signs of inflammation, bleeding, and infection.

Answer 5

Synovial Fluid Aspiration

Question 6

Uses strong magnetic field. No radiation. Patients with some types of metal implants can not have.

Answer 6

MRI

Question 7

Minimally invase surgical prodecure in which an examination and sometimes treats of damage of the interior of a joint is performed.

Answer 7

Arthroscopy

Question 8

Elevated in many muscle diseases.

Answer 8

Serum Creatine Kinase (SCK).

Question 9

Results when the skin is broken.

Answer 9

Open Fracture

Question 10

Skin is not broken at the fracture site.

Answer 10

Closed Fracture

Question 11

A bone is broken to form two or more separate pieces.

Answer 11

Complete Fracture

Question 12

Bone is only partially broken.

Answer 12

Incomplete Fracture

Question 13

Single break in the bone in which the bone ends maintain their alignment and position.

Answer 13

Simple Fracture

Question 14

The are multiple fracture lines and bone fragments.

Answer 14

Comminuted Fracture

Question 15

When a bone is crushed or collapses into small pieces.

Answer 15

Compression Fracture

Question 16

When one end of the bone is forced into the adjacent bone.

Answer 16

Impacted

Question 17

Result from a weakness in the bone structure. Example - during cancer.

Answer 17

Pathologic

Question 18

Fracture result from repeated excess stress.

Answer 18

Stress

Question 19

Occur in the skull when the broken section is forced inward on the brain.

Answer 19

Depressed

Question 20

Fracture across the bone.

Answer 20

Transverse

Question 21

A break along the axis of bone.

Answer 21

Linear

Question 22

Fracture at an angle to the diaphysis.

Answer 22

Oblique

Question 23

Fracture that angles around the bone.

Answer 23

Spiral

Question 24

Fracture at the distal radius at the wrist.

Answer 24

Colle’s Fracture

Question 25

Fracture of the lower fibula due to excessive stress on the ankle.

Answer 25

Pott's Fracture

Question 26

Fracture of the 5th metatarsal.

Answer 26

Jones Fracture

Question 27

Forms in the medullary canal, under the periosteum, and between the ends of the bone fragments.

Answer 27

Hematoma (clot)

Question 28

Form new cartilage.

Answer 28

Chondroblasts

Question 29

The bone ends become splinted together by a _______.

Answer 29

Fibrocartilaginous callus.

Question 30

Generate new bone.

Answer 30

Osteoblasts

Question 31

Amount of local damage to bone and soft tissue, amount of realignment and approximation, secondary problem, and numbers systemic factors.

Answer 31

Factors Affecting Healing Process

Question 32

Due to local pain and irritation.

Answer 32

Muscle spasm

Question 33

Such as tetanus, osteomyelitis. Precautions include antibiotics.

Answer 33

Infections

Question 34

Occurs as edema increases in 1st 48 hours after trauma and casting.

Answer 34

Ischemia

Question 35

Grating sound heard, if the ends of bone fragments move over each other.

Answer 35

Crepitus

Question 36

Increased pressure of fluid within fascia, the nonelastic covering of muscles. Usually lower leg.

Answer 36

Compartment Syndrome

Question 37

Can occur with severe trauma or tearing of periosteum.

Answer 37

Nerve damage

Question 38

Requires surgery, plates & pins.

Answer 38

Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)

Question 39

Cast, splints, and traction.

Answer 39

Immobilizations

Question 40

Application of forces or weight pulling on limb that is opposed by body weight.

Answer 40

Traction

Question 41

Separation of two bones at a joint with loss of contact between the articulating bone surfaces.

Answer 41

Dislocation

Question 42

If bone is only partially displaced.

Answer 42

Subluxation

Question 43

Tear in ligament.

Answer 43

Sprain

Question 44

Tear in a tendon/muscle.

Answer 44

Strain

Question 45

Ligaments or tendons completely separated from their bony attachment.

Answer 45

Avulsion

Question 46

Common metabolic bone disorder. Decreased bone mass and density. More common in women.

Answer 46

Osteoporosis

Question 47

Postmenopausal, senile, and idopathic.

Answer 47

Primary Osteoporosis

Question 48

Following specific primary disorder (Cushing's syndrome).

Answer 48

Secondary Osteoporosis

Question 49

Result from deficit of vitamin D and phosphates.

Answer 49

Rickets & Osteomalacia

Question 50

Bow legs, in children.

Answer 50

Rickets

Question 51

Soft bones and compression fractures, in adults.

Answer 51

Osteomalacia

Question 52

Progressive bone disease that occurs in adults older than 40 years.

Answer 52

Paget's Diease

Question 53

Majority of primary bone tumors are _____.

Answer 53

Malignant

Question 54

Malignant neoplasm that usually develops in the metaphasis of the femur, tibia, or fibula in children/young adults.

Answer 54

Osteosarcoma

Question 55

Malignant neoplasm common in adolescents that occurs in the diaphysis of long bones.

Answer 55

Ewing's Sarcoma

Question 56

Group of inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of skeletal muscle.

Answer 56

Muscular Dystrophy

Question 57

Most common type of muscular dystrophy is?

Answer 57

Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy

Question 58

Group of disorders characterized by pain and stiffness affecting muscles, tendons, and surrounding soft tissue. Higher in women 20-50 years old.

Answer 58

Fibromyaligia

Question 59

Wear and tear arthritis.

Answer 59

Osetoarthritis

Question 60

Bone spurs.

Answer 60

Osteophytes

Question 61

Auto-immune disease, causing chronic systemic inflammatory disease.

Answer 61

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Question 62

Inflammation recurs, synovial cells proliferate.

Answer 62

Synovitis

Question 63

Granulation tissue from synovium spreads over articular capsule.

Answer 63

Pannus Formation

Question 64

Eroded by enzymes from panes, panes also cuts off nutrients.

Answer 64

Cartilage Erosion

Question 65

Panes between bone ends becomes fibrotic, limits movement.

Answer 65

Fibrosis

Question 66

Joint fixation and deformity.

Answer 66

Ankylosis

Question 67

Results from deposits of uric acid and rate crystals in the joint. Most common in men older than 40 years old.

Answer 67

Gout

Question 68

Develops in a single joint.

Answer 68

Infections (Septic) Arthritis

Question 69

Chronic progressive inflammatory condition. Affects the SI joints, intervertebral spaces, and costovertebral joints of the axial skeleton.

Answer 69

Ankylosing Spondylitis