Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases

Question 1

Hormones

Answer 1

Endocrine

Question 2

A molecule that is released in one part of the body but regulates activity of cells in other parts. (Interstitial fluid)

Answer 2

Hormone

Question 3

2 Categories of Endocrine Disorders

Answer 3

Excessive amount of hormone or deficit of a hormone.

Question 4

Insufficient secretion of growth hormone during childhood. Epiphyseal plates close before normal height is reached.

Answer 4

Pituitary Dwarfism

Question 5

Over secretion of growth hormone in adulthood.

Answer 5

Acromegaly

Question 6

Autoimmune disorder in which a person produces antibodies that mimic actions of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). (Grave’s Disease) More common in women than men.

Answer 6

Hyperthyroidism

Question 7

Lack of production and secretion of thyroid hormones.

Answer 7

Hypothyroidism

Question 8

Condition results in thyroid dwarfism and mental retardation. (hyperthyroidism)

Answer 8

Cretinism

Question 9

When it occurs in adults. (hyperthyroidism)

Answer 9

Myxedema

Question 10

Breakdown of muscle proteins and redistribution of body fat.

Answer 10

Adrenal Gland Disorder (Cushing’s Syndrome)

Question 11

Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and aldosterone.

Answer 11

Adrenal Gland

Question 12

Insulin is formed by the beta cells within the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

Answer 12

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 13

Polyuria

Answer 13

Excessive urine.

Question 14

Polydipsia

Answer 14

Excessive thirst.

Question 15

Polyphagia

Answer 15

Excessive hunger.

Question 16

Results from inadequate utilization of insulin and progressive beta cell dysfunction.

Answer 16

Type II DM

Question 17

Insulin resistance syndrome.

Answer 17

Metabolic Syndrome

Question 18

Low glucose, no eating excessive insulin, hungry, give sugar.

Answer 18

Hypoglycemia

Question 19

High glucose, untreated diabetes, thirst, fruity odor to breath.

Answer 19

Hyperglycemia

Question 20

Bilateral, stocking and glove distribution.

Answer 20

Diabetic Neuropathy

Question 21

Useful for non-insulin dependent.

Answer 21

Glyburide (Diabeta)

Question 22

Reduces insulin resistance.

Answer 22

Metformin (Glucophage)

Question 23

Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin.

Answer 23

Trorlitazone/Rezulin

Question 24

Type of insulin used and effective period important factors to predict periods of hypoglycemia.

Answer 24

Insulin Injections

Question 25

Results from insufficient levels of insulin.

Answer 25

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Question 26

Degenerative process related to abnormal metabolism of glucose.

Answer 26

Cataracts