Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid/Base

Question 1

Infants body weight is ___% water.

Answer 1

70%

Question 2

___ have lower water percentage.

Answer 2

Women

Question 3

Controls thirst mechanism.

Answer 3

Hypothalamus

Question 4

Controls the amount of fluid leaving the body in urine.

Answer 4

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Question 5

Increase reabsorption of sodium ions in water from the renal tubules back into the blood.

Answer 5

Aldosterone

Question 6

Means that solutions on both sides of the selective permeable membrane have established equilibrium.

Answer 6

Isotonic

Question 7

Solution of lower osmotic pressure.

Answer 7

Hypotonic

Question 8

Solution of higher osmotic pressure.

Answer 8

Hypertonic

Question 9

Elevated sodium levels.

Answer 9

Hypernatremia

Question 10

Lowered sodium levels.

Answer 10

Hyponatremia

Question 11

Elevated potassium levels.

Answer 11

Hyperkalcemia

Question 12

Lowered potassium levels.

Answer 12

Hypokalcemia

Question 13

Elevated calcium levels.

Answer 13

Hypercalemia

Question 14

Lowered calcium levels.

Answer 14

Hypocalcemia

Question 15

Significant accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

Answer 15

Ascites

Question 16

PH > 7

Answer 16

Basic

Question 17

PH = 7

Answer 17

Neutral

Question 18

Normal blood PH

Answer 18

7.35-7.45 PH

Question 19

PH compatible with life.

Answer 19

6.8-8.0 PH

Question 20

Condition in which the blood has too much acid or too little base.

Answer 20

Acidosis

Question 21

A condition in which the blood has too much base or too little acid.

Answer 21

Alkalosis

Question 22

Characterized by a pH decrease and increase in CO2.

Answer 22

Hypoventilation

Question 23

Develops when the lungs don’t expel CO2 adequately.

Answer 23

Respiratory acidosis

Question 24

Leads to eliminating excessive amounts of CO2.

Answer 24

Hyperventilation

Question 25

Increased loss of CO2 from the lungs at a rate faster than it is produced.

Answer 25

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 26

Any acid-base imbalance not attributable to CO2. Metabolic production of acids of loss of bases.

Answer 26

Metabolic Acidosis

Question 27

Imbalance kid again cannot be due to CO2. Increase of bicarbonate or decrease of hydrogen ions.

Answer 27

Metabolic Alkalosis

Question 28

Approximately ___ % of body weight is water.

Answer 28

60%

Question 29

Are the first line of defense for the body for fluctuations in pH.

Answer 29

Chemical buffers

Question 30

The kidney compensates for acid-base imbalance within 24 hours and is responsible for long-term control.

Answer 30

Renal response

Question 31

Control is accomplished by responding to CO2 and H+ concentration in the blood.

Answer 31

Respiratory response