Musculo skeletal anatomy (chiro essentials pg37-39) Flashcards
What bones are intra-cartilaginous ossification
All long bones except the Clavicle
What dones are inre-membranous ossicication
Clavicle, flat skull bones, axial skeleton
What type of joints are immoble
Synarthrosis (Fibrous)
What type of joints are slightly mobile
amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous)
What type of joints are mobile
diarthrosis (synovial)
What are the different axis of movement of a joint
uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial
What is the classification of joints that are sutural
Syndesmosis
What is the classification of joints tha are interosseous membranes
Syndesmosis
What is the classification of tooth/tooth socket
Gomphosis
What are the different types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondrosis
Symphysis
What are examples of symphysis
IVD
Pubic symphysis
manubriosternal joint
What are thee types of synovial joints
Planar/gliding Ginglymus/hinge Trochoid/pivot Condylar/ellipsoid Sellar/saddle Spheroidal/ball and socket
What is the articular surface of the synovial joints covere by
Hyaline cartilage
What synovial joints do not have hyaline cartilage on their surface
Temporomandibular
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
All midline joints are secondary cartilaginous joints except for what one
Median atlanto-axial (atlantodental)
It is trochoid synovial
What lines the interior of the fibrous joint capsule of the synovial joint
Synovial membrane
What cells make the synovium
Plump cells
What synovial cells are macrophagic
Type A synoviocytes
What synovial cells secrete synovial fluid
Type B synoviocytes
What is Hiltons law
Nerve which innervates a muscle that acts on a joint will also supply that joint and the skin around it
What part of bone has blood vessels
Haversian canals
What connects the Haversian canals together
Volkmann’s canals
What surrounds the Haversian canals
Concentric lamellae
What comprise the lamellae
Lacunae
Osteocytes
What connects the lamellae togeher + allow osteocytes to communicate
Canaliculi
What makes up the bone-marix
Osteoblats
Osteoclasts
What bone cells build bone
Osteoblasts
What bone cells clear bone (increase blood Ca)
Osteoclasts
What is the outerlayer of cartilage made up of
Perichondrium
What part of cartilage contains chondroblasts and blood vessels
Perichondrium
What are the three types of cartilage
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Why does it take so long for cartilage to recover from damage
It has no blood vessels or nerves (except for the outer layer)
What type of cartilage is made up of Type II collegen fibers
Hyaline
What type of cartilage is made up of Type II collegen and elastic fibers
Elastic cartilage
What type of cartilage is made up of Type I collegen
Fibrocartilage
What type of cartilage is found in intra-articular discs
Fibroelastic cartilage
What are the three main types of mucles
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Which type of muscle has a central nucleus and no stiation
Smooth
Which type of muscle has elongated peripheal nucleus
Skeletal
Which type of muscle has intercalated discs an has a central nucleus
Cardiac
What surrounds individual muscle fibers
Endomysium
A bundle of muscle fibers is called what
Fascicle
What surrounds a fascicle
Perimysium
What surrounds the entire muscle
Epimysium
What are the differnt shapes of muscles
Fusiform Parallel Triangular Pennate Circular
What type of muscle is thick in the middle and tapered at each end
Fusiform
What type of muscle is uniform in width
Parallel
What type of muscle is fan shaped
Triangular
What type of muscle is Feather shape
Pennate
What type of muscle forms rings around opening
Circular
