joint anatomy (chiro essentials pg40-44) Flashcards
What type of joint is the TMJ
Atypical synovial
What makes the TMJ an atypical synovial joint
The articulating surface has fibrocartilage instead of hyaline cartilage
It also has a intra-articular disc
In What compartment of the TMJ does Protraction/retraction occur
Upper compartment
In what compartment of the TMJ does elevation/depression occur
Lower compartment
What bones are involved in the TMJ
Mandible
Mandibular fossa
Articualr eminence of the temporal bone
What nerves innervate the TMJ
Auriculotemporal
Deep temporal
Masseteric branch of Mandibular division trigeminal
What type of joint is the Shoulder joint
Ball and socket (spheroidal) Synovial joint
What bones are involved in the shoulder joint
Glenoid fossa
Head of humerous
What innervates the shoulder joint
Axillary
Suprascapular nerve
What type of joint is the sternoclavicualr joint
Saddle (sellar), synovial with a intra-articualr disc
Even though the sternoclavicular joint is a saddle joint, how does it behave
Like a ball and socket
What covers the articular surfaces of the sternoclavicular joint
Fibrocartilage
What bones are involved in the sternoclavicular joint
Manubrium
Clavicle
What nerves innervate the sternoclavicular joint
Medial branch of the supraclavicular nerves
What type of joint is the elbow joint
Synovial Hinge (ginglymus)
What bones are involved in the elbow joint
Humerous
Head of radius
Trochlea of ulna
What nerves innervate the elbow joint
Radial
musculocutaneous nerves
What type of joint is the Proximal and Distal radio-ulnar joint
Synovial Pivot (trochoid)
What bones are involved in the Proximal and Distal radio-ulnar joint
Head of radius and notch of ulna (proximal)
Head of Ulna and distal radius (distal)
What nerves innervate the Proximal and Distal radio-ulnar joints
Median
Ulnar
Radial nerves
What type of joint is the wrist joint
Synovial condyloid (ellipsoid)
What bones are involved in the wrist joint
Radius
Scaphoid
Lunate
What nerves innervate the wrist joint
Radial
Median
Ulnar
What type of joint is the 1st carpometacarpal joint (thumb)
synovial saddle (selllar)
What bones are invoveled in the 1st carpometacarpal joint
trapezium
1st metacarpal joint
What nerves innervate the 1st carpometacarpal joint
Radial
Median nerve
What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint
Synovial Condyloid (ellipsoid)
What bones are involved in the metacarpophalangeal joint
Head of metacarpal
Base of proximal phalanx
What muscle adducts the metacarpophalangeal joints
Palmer interossei (PAd)
What muscles abducts the metacarpophalangeal joints
Dorsal interossei (DAb)
What innervates the metacarpophalangeal joint
Median
Ulnar
radial nerves
What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint
Synovial hinge (ginglymus)
What bones are involved in the interphalangeal joint
Proximal and midde phalangeal joint
Middle and distal phalangeal joint
What type of joint is the hip joint
Synovial ball and socket (spheroidal)
What bones are involved in the hip joint
Acetabulum
head of femur
What nerves innervate the hip joint
Femoral
Obturator
nerve to quadratus femorus
What are the 4 ligaments of the hip joint
Round ligament of femur head
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
Which ligament of the hip is inside the joint
Round ligament of the head of the femur
What blood vessel is found in the round ligament of the head of the femur
Central foveolar artery in children (not in adults)
What hip ligament prevents hyperextension
Iliofemoral
What hip ligament prevents hyper-abduction
Pubofemoral
what hip ligament prevents hyperextension
Ischiofemoral
What type of joint is the knee joint
Synovial, modified hinge
What bones are involved in the knee joint
Femur
Tibia
What nerves innervate the knee joint
Femoral
Tibial
Common peroneal nerve
What are the two intra-articular ligaments of the knee
ACL
PCL
What does the ACL prevent
Anterior movement of tibia on the femur
Where does the ACL originate and where does it insert
Origin: Anterior intercondylar ridge
Insertion: Medial aspect of lateral condyl of femur
What does the PCL prevent
Posterior movement of the tibial on the femur
Where does the PCL originate and where does it insert
Origin: posterior intercondylar ridge
Insertion: lateral aspect of medial condyle
What are the two extra-articular ligaments of the knee
Medial collateral
Lateral collateral
What does the medial collateral ligament do
Prevents abduction stress
What does the lateral collateral ligament do
Prevent adduction stress
What are the two intra-articular discs
medial meniscus
Lateral meniscus
which meniscus of the knee is semilunar in shape
Medial meniscus
Which meniscus of the knee is nearly circular
Lateral meniscus
which meniscus of the knee is attaches to the medial collateral ligament
Medial meniscus
What type of joint is the ankle joint
Synovial hinge
What bones are involved in the ankle joint
Tibial
Fibula
Talus
What innervaes the Ankle joint
Tibial and deep peroneal nerve
What motions occur at the ankle joint
Flexion + extension
What motion of the foot occurs at the subtalar joint
Inversion + Eversion
