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part 1 boards (US) > cardiovascular anatomy (Chiro essentials pg20-28) > Flashcards

cardiovascular anatomy (Chiro essentials pg20-28) Flashcards

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U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

What embrological layer does the heart develop from

A

Mesoderm

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2
Q

What week of development does the heart start to form

A

3rd week

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3
Q

in what week of development does the heart start to form a primary septum and divide the atrial dilations

A

5th week

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4
Q

What forms the primative heart

A

The endocardial tubes fusing together

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5
Q

What are the 3 dilations of the primative heart

A

Atrial
Ventricular
bulbus cordis

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6
Q

what shunts fetal blood from the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta

A

Ductus arteriosus

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7
Q

What closes the Ductus arteriosus

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

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8
Q

What is the mos common congenital heart disease

A

ventricular septal defect

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9
Q

What is the most common ostium secendum defect

A

atrial septal defect

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10
Q

what is the most common congenital cyanotic disease

A

tetrology of fellot

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11
Q

what congenital heart defects are acyanotic (shunt left to right)

A

Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
persistent Ductus arteriosus

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12
Q

What is caused when the ductuss arteriosus fails to close after birth

A

Persistent ductus arteriosus

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13
Q

what are the two origins of the right atrium

A

Sinus venosus

True atrium

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14
Q

What is the rought part of the right atrium derived from

A

True Pectinate

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15
Q

What is the smooth part of the right atrium derived from

A

Sinus venosus

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16
Q

What seperates the smooth from the rough part of the right atrium

A

Crista terminalis

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17
Q

What part of the right atrium is remenant of the septum secondum

A

The limbus

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18
Q

What percent of myocadrial venus blood drains into the heart via the coronary sinus

A

60-70%

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19
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there

A

4

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20
Q

What structure in the right ventricle carries a major part of the right bundle branch

A

Septomarginal branch (moderator band)

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21
Q

Where can you auscaltate the aortic valve

A

2nd right intercostal space

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22
Q

Where can you auscaltate the pulmonary valve

A

2nd left intercostal space

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23
Q

Where can you auscaltate the Tricuspid valve

A

4th left intercostal space

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24
Q

Where can you auscaltate the mitral valve

A

5th left intercostal space 7-9cm from midsternal line

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25
Q

What heart valve connects right atrium with right ventrical

A

Tricuspid valve

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26
Q

What heart valve connects right ventrical with the pulmonary trunk

A

Pulmonary valve

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27
Q

What heart valves connects left atrium with left ventrical

A

Mitral valve

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28
Q

What hear valve connects the left ventrical with the aortic artery

A

Aortic vavles

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29
Q

What connects the heart valves to papillary valves

A

Chorda tnedinae

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30
Q

What are the branches of the right coronary artery

A

Sinu-atrial
Right marginal
posterior interventricular
atrioventricular

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31
Q

where does the right coronary artery originate from

A

Right coronary sinus

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32
Q

Where does the left coronary arter originate from

A

left coronary sinus

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33
Q

What are the branches of the left coronary

A

Circumflex
Anterior interventricular
Left marginal

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34
Q

Which coronary artery supplies the AV and SA node

A

right coronary

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35
Q

what drains coronary blood

A

Coronary sinus
Anterior cardiac vein
Cenae cordis minimi

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36
Q

Where is the SA node located

A

upper right atrium

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37
Q

Where is the AV node located

A

posterioinferior part of interatrial septum

38
Q

what are the special conduction fibers within the mycardial tissue

A

Purkinje fibers

39
Q

What innervates the SA node

A

Cardiac plexus

40
Q

What vertebral level gives sympathetic fibers to the cardiac plexus

A

T1-T5

41
Q

What nerve gives parasympathetic fibers to the cardiac plexus

A

CN X

42
Q

What part of the Cardiac plexus receives fibers from the superfical cervical ganglion and the inferior cardiac branch of the vagus

A

The superficial portion

43
Q

What part of tthe cervical plexus receives fibers from:
Superior, middle, inferior cervical sympathetics
Superior, inferior cardiac branches of vagus
Recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus

A

Deep portion

44
Q

What are the branches the come off of the arch of the aorta

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

45
Q

what are the branches of the descending thoracic artery

A

3-11 posterior intercostals
Bronchial artery
Esophageal artery

46
Q

What are the 4 paried visceral arteries of the abdominal aorta

A

Inferior phrenic
Middle adrenal
Renal
Gonadal

47
Q

What are the 4 paired parietal branches of the abdominal aorta

A

1-4 lumbar arteries

48
Q

What are the 4 unpaired visceral arteries of the abdominal aorta

A

Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Median saccral

49
Q

At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcates

A

L4

50
Q

What does the abdominal aortal bifurcate into

A

Common iliac arteries

Internal and external iliac arteries

51
Q

What are the two divisions of the internal iliac artery

A

Anterior and posterior

52
Q

What are the branches of the anterior internal iliac artery

A 
Superior Vesical
Inferial vesical
Middle rectal
Obturator
Inferior gluteal
internal pudendal
Uterine + Vaginal (Females)
53
Q

What are the branches of the posteior iliac artery

A

iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal

54
Q

What are the 3 branches of the external iliac artery

A

Cremasteric artery (males)
Inferior epigastric artery
Deep circumflex artery

55
Q

What does the external iliac artery turn into when i crosses the inguinal ligament

A

Femoral artery

56
Q

What are the branches of the femoral artery

A

Superficial external pudendal
Deep external pudendal
Superficial circumflex
Deep femoral

57
Q

What does the femoral artery become when it passes through he adductor canal

A

Popliteal arteyr

58
Q

What does the popliteal artery bifurcate into

A

Posterior tibial artery

Anterior tibial artery

59
Q

Does the posterior tibial artery pass behind or infront of the medial malleolus

A

Behind

60
Q

When the posterior tibial artery passes behind the medial malleolus What does it divide into

A

Medial plantar artery

Lateral plantar artery

61
Q

What does the anterior tibail artery turn into when it continues on the foot

A

Dorsal pedis artery

62
Q

What branch of the dorsal pedis artery supplies the dorsum of the foot

A

Arcuate artery

63
Q

What branch of the posterior tibial artery joins up with the dorsal pedis artery

A

Lateral plantar branch

64
Q

What is formed by the connection of the laterla plantar artery and the dorsal pedis artery

A

Plantar arch

65
Q

What does the right subclavian artery branch off of

A

The brachiocephalic trunk

66
Q

What are the branches of the subclavian artery

A

Internal thoracic
Vertebral
Thyocervical trunk
Costocervical trunk

67
Q

What are the branches of the Thyocervical Tunk (S.I.T)

A

Supracervical trunk

68
Q

What are the branches of the costocervical trunk

A

Superior intercostal

deep cervical

69
Q

When does the subclavian artery turn into the axillary artery

A

The outer boarder of the first rib

70
Q

What are the branches of the subclavian artery

A 
1st = superior thoracic
2nd = Thoraco-acromial + Lateral thoracic
3rd = Subscapular, posterior, anterior circumflex
71
Q

When does the axillary artery turn into the brachial artery

A

Lower border of the teres minor

72
Q

Where does the brachial artery teminate

A

Cubital fossa at the neck of the radius

73
Q

What does the brachial artery bifurcate into

A

radial and ulnar artery

74
Q

What are the branches of the radial artery (RCMP)

A

Radial recurrent
Carpal
Muscular
superfical Palmar branches

75
Q

What are the branches of the ulnar artery

A 
Anterior + posterior collateral
Common interosseous
muscular
anterior + posterior carpal
Deep palmer
76
Q

What is the superficial palmer arch a continuation of

A

The ulnar artery

77
Q

What is the deep palmer arch a continuation of

A

The Radial artery

78
Q

What artery supplies the fingers

A

Common palmer digital arteries

79
Q

What is the common palmer digital arteries derived from

A

Palmer arches

80
Q

What artery does the axillary never accompany

A

Posterior circumflex artery

81
Q

What does the brachial artery accomparny

A

Median nerve

82
Q

What does the superior ulnar collateral artery accompany

A

Ulnar nerve behind the medial epicondyle

83
Q

What does the ular artery accompany

A

Ulnar nerve

84
Q

What does the median nerve accompany

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

85
Q

What does the superficial radial nerve accompany

A

Radial artery

86
Q

What does the posterior interosseous nerve accompany

A

Posterior interosseous branch of the radial nerve

87
Q

What does the femoral nerve accompany

A

Femoral artery in upper thigh

88
Q

What does the saphenous nerve accompany

A

Femoral artery in mid-thigh

89
Q

What does the popliteal artery accomany

A

tibial nerve

90
Q

What does the posterior tibail nerve accompany

A

Posterior tibial artery

91
Q

What does the anteior tibal artery accompany

A

Deep peroneal nerve

part 1 boards (US) (12 decks)

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