cardiovascular anatomy (Chiro essentials pg20-28) Flashcards
What embrological layer does the heart develop from
Mesoderm
What week of development does the heart start to form
3rd week
in what week of development does the heart start to form a primary septum and divide the atrial dilations
5th week
What forms the primative heart
The endocardial tubes fusing together
What are the 3 dilations of the primative heart
Atrial
Ventricular
bulbus cordis
what shunts fetal blood from the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta
Ductus arteriosus
What closes the Ductus arteriosus
Ligamentum arteriosum
What is the mos common congenital heart disease
ventricular septal defect
What is the most common ostium secendum defect
atrial septal defect
what is the most common congenital cyanotic disease
tetrology of fellot
what congenital heart defects are acyanotic (shunt left to right)
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
persistent Ductus arteriosus
What is caused when the ductuss arteriosus fails to close after birth
Persistent ductus arteriosus
what are the two origins of the right atrium
Sinus venosus
True atrium
What is the rought part of the right atrium derived from
True Pectinate
What is the smooth part of the right atrium derived from
Sinus venosus
What seperates the smooth from the rough part of the right atrium
Crista terminalis
What part of the right atrium is remenant of the septum secondum
The limbus
What percent of myocadrial venus blood drains into the heart via the coronary sinus
60-70%
How many pulmonary veins are there
4
What structure in the right ventricle carries a major part of the right bundle branch
Septomarginal branch (moderator band)
Where can you auscaltate the aortic valve
2nd right intercostal space
Where can you auscaltate the pulmonary valve
2nd left intercostal space
Where can you auscaltate the Tricuspid valve
4th left intercostal space
Where can you auscaltate the mitral valve
5th left intercostal space 7-9cm from midsternal line
What heart valve connects right atrium with right ventrical
Tricuspid valve
What heart valve connects right ventrical with the pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary valve
What heart valves connects left atrium with left ventrical
Mitral valve
What hear valve connects the left ventrical with the aortic artery
Aortic vavles
What connects the heart valves to papillary valves
Chorda tnedinae
What are the branches of the right coronary artery
Sinu-atrial
Right marginal
posterior interventricular
atrioventricular
where does the right coronary artery originate from
Right coronary sinus
Where does the left coronary arter originate from
left coronary sinus
What are the branches of the left coronary
Circumflex
Anterior interventricular
Left marginal
Which coronary artery supplies the AV and SA node
right coronary
what drains coronary blood
Coronary sinus
Anterior cardiac vein
Cenae cordis minimi
Where is the SA node located
upper right atrium
Where is the AV node located
posterioinferior part of interatrial septum
what are the special conduction fibers within the mycardial tissue
Purkinje fibers
What innervates the SA node
Cardiac plexus
What vertebral level gives sympathetic fibers to the cardiac plexus
T1-T5
What nerve gives parasympathetic fibers to the cardiac plexus
CN X
What part of the Cardiac plexus receives fibers from the superfical cervical ganglion and the inferior cardiac branch of the vagus
The superficial portion
What part of tthe cervical plexus receives fibers from:
Superior, middle, inferior cervical sympathetics
Superior, inferior cardiac branches of vagus
Recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus
Deep portion
What are the branches the come off of the arch of the aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
what are the branches of the descending thoracic artery
3-11 posterior intercostals
Bronchial artery
Esophageal artery
What are the 4 paried visceral arteries of the abdominal aorta
Inferior phrenic
Middle adrenal
Renal
Gonadal
What are the 4 paired parietal branches of the abdominal aorta
1-4 lumbar arteries
What are the 4 unpaired visceral arteries of the abdominal aorta
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Median saccral
At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcates
L4
What does the abdominal aortal bifurcate into
Common iliac arteries
Internal and external iliac arteries
What are the two divisions of the internal iliac artery
Anterior and posterior
What are the branches of the anterior internal iliac artery
Superior Vesical Inferial vesical Middle rectal Obturator Inferior gluteal internal pudendal Uterine + Vaginal (Females)
What are the branches of the posteior iliac artery
iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal
What are the 3 branches of the external iliac artery
Cremasteric artery (males)
Inferior epigastric artery
Deep circumflex artery
What does the external iliac artery turn into when i crosses the inguinal ligament
Femoral artery
What are the branches of the femoral artery
Superficial external pudendal
Deep external pudendal
Superficial circumflex
Deep femoral
What does the femoral artery become when it passes through he adductor canal
Popliteal arteyr
What does the popliteal artery bifurcate into
Posterior tibial artery
Anterior tibial artery
Does the posterior tibial artery pass behind or infront of the medial malleolus
Behind
When the posterior tibial artery passes behind the medial malleolus What does it divide into
Medial plantar artery
Lateral plantar artery
What does the anterior tibail artery turn into when it continues on the foot
Dorsal pedis artery
What branch of the dorsal pedis artery supplies the dorsum of the foot
Arcuate artery
What branch of the posterior tibial artery joins up with the dorsal pedis artery
Lateral plantar branch
What is formed by the connection of the laterla plantar artery and the dorsal pedis artery
Plantar arch
What does the right subclavian artery branch off of
The brachiocephalic trunk
What are the branches of the subclavian artery
Internal thoracic
Vertebral
Thyocervical trunk
Costocervical trunk
What are the branches of the Thyocervical Tunk (S.I.T)
Supracervical trunk
What are the branches of the costocervical trunk
Superior intercostal
deep cervical
When does the subclavian artery turn into the axillary artery
The outer boarder of the first rib
What are the branches of the subclavian artery
1st = superior thoracic 2nd = Thoraco-acromial + Lateral thoracic 3rd = Subscapular, posterior, anterior circumflex
When does the axillary artery turn into the brachial artery
Lower border of the teres minor
Where does the brachial artery teminate
Cubital fossa at the neck of the radius
What does the brachial artery bifurcate into
radial and ulnar artery
What are the branches of the radial artery (RCMP)
Radial recurrent
Carpal
Muscular
superfical Palmar branches
What are the branches of the ulnar artery
Anterior + posterior collateral Common interosseous muscular anterior + posterior carpal Deep palmer
What is the superficial palmer arch a continuation of
The ulnar artery
What is the deep palmer arch a continuation of
The Radial artery
What artery supplies the fingers
Common palmer digital arteries
What is the common palmer digital arteries derived from
Palmer arches
What artery does the axillary never accompany
Posterior circumflex artery
What does the brachial artery accomparny
Median nerve
What does the superior ulnar collateral artery accompany
Ulnar nerve behind the medial epicondyle
What does the ular artery accompany
Ulnar nerve
What does the median nerve accompany
Anterior interosseous nerve
What does the superficial radial nerve accompany
Radial artery
What does the posterior interosseous nerve accompany
Posterior interosseous branch of the radial nerve
What does the femoral nerve accompany
Femoral artery in upper thigh
What does the saphenous nerve accompany
Femoral artery in mid-thigh
What does the popliteal artery accomany
tibial nerve
What does the posterior tibail nerve accompany
Posterior tibial artery
What does the anteior tibal artery accompany
Deep peroneal nerve
