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part 1 boards (US) > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What bacteria causes abscess formation on skin

A 
Staph aureus (most common)
Staph epidermidis (can but not likely)
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2
Q

What is the most prominent bacteria found on skin

A

Staph epidermidis

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3
Q

What bacteria causes hot tub folliculitis

A

Pseudomonam aeruginosa

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4
Q

What bacteria causes Staphylococcal Scalded Skin syndrome

A

Staph Aureus

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5
Q

What bacteria causes Impetigo (pyoderma)

A 
Staph aureus (most likely)
staphy pyogens
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6
Q

What bacteria causes Erysipelas (red rash with raised boarder)

A

Staph pyogens

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7
Q

What bacteria is known as the Flesh eating bacteria, causes necrosis along fascia (necrotizing facitis)

A

Staph pyogens

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8
Q

What bacteria causes Acne

A

Propinoibacterium acnes

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9
Q

What bacteria causes cat scratch fever

A

Bartonella henselae

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10
Q

What bacteria causes pseudomonas infection (pyocyanin pigment)

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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11
Q

What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever (non itichy rash)

A

Rickettsia ricketsii

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12
Q

What is the vector for Rock Mountain Spotted fever (Rickettisa ricketsii)

A

Hard Tick

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13
Q

What causes Cutaneous Anthrax (black, crusty ulcer aka eschar)

A

Bacillus anthracis

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14
Q

What bacteria causes Gas Gangrene (foul-smelling; gas bubbles on skin)

A

Clostridium perfringens

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15
Q

What virus causes Pox lesions and is the only virus to be erradicated world wide

A

Small pox (Variola virus)

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16
Q

What virus causes pearl-like, waxy papules (Molluscum Contagiosum)

A

Molluscum Contagiosum virus

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17
Q

What virus causes pox lesions and is an emmerging disease

A

Monkey pox

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18
Q

What virus produces blisters on the face and moutn

A

HHV-1 (herpes labialis)

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19
Q

Where does oral HHV-1 stay latent

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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20
Q

What virus + condition produces blisters on the fingers

A

HHV-1 (herpetic whitlow)

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21
Q

Where does HHV-1 stay latent in herpetic whitlow

A

Brachial ganglion

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22
Q

What form of HHV-1 is common in contact sports

A

Herbes gladiatorum

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23
Q

What causes the Chicken pox (itichy, fluid filled blisters)

A

HHV-3 (varicella-zoster)

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24
Q

What does HHV-3 (Varicella-Zoster) cause when it reemerges following a Chicken pox infection

A

Shingles

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25
Q

Benign epithelial growth caused by HPV. What is the common way it spreads

A

Warts

Spreads through Autoinnoculation mainly

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26
Q

What virus produces koplik sports

A

Measles virus (rubeola)

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27
Q

What virus causes German measles (produces red/pink rash)

A

Rubella virus

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28
Q

What can rubella (german measles) cause in pregnant women

A

Congenital Rubella syndrome

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29
Q

What virus produces a reddening of skin that resembles a slap (Erythema infectiosum) “slapped Cheek” syndrome

A

Parvovirus B19

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30
Q

Once the rash appears in someone who has Parvovirus B19, are they still infectious

A

No

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31
Q

What virus produces Roseola (rose coloured rash)

A

HHV-6 (roseolavirus)

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32
Q

What causes Black piedra (hard black nodules on hair shaft)

A

Piedraia hortae

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33
Q

What causes white piedra (soft, grey nodules on hair shaft)

A

Trichosporon beiglii

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34
Q

What causes pityriasis versicolor (hypo-hyperpigmented patches of scaly skin)

A

Malassezia furfur

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35
Q

What causes Dermatophytoses (ring worm)

A

Epidermophyton
Microsporum
Trichophyton

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36
Q

Dermatophytosis of the scalp

A

Tinea Capitis

37
Q

Dermatophytosis of the foot

A

Tinea pedis (athletes foot)

38
Q

Dermatophytosis of the groin

A

tinea cruis (jock itich)

39
Q

Dermatophytosis of the trunk

A

Tinea corporis

40
Q

Dermatophytosis of the nails

A

Tinea unguium

41
Q

What causes Sporotrichosis (rose-gardeners disease)

A

Sporothrix Schenckii

42
Q

What is the vector for Leishmaniasis

43
Q

What type of leshmaniasis produces large painless skin lesions

44
Q

What type of leshmaniasis produces skin lesions that encompass the mucous membranes

A

Mucocutaneous

45
Q

What type of leshmaniasis is spread via macrophages

46
Q

Disease where a mite burrows/tunnels under the skin, causes intense itiching

A

Scabies (sarcoptes scabiei)

47
Q

What bacteria is most likely to cause meningitis in college students, or cause a purple spotted rash

A

Nesseria meningitidis

48
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults

A

Steptococcus pneumoniae

49
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children

A

Haemophilus influenza b

50
Q

What is the most common cause of meningitis in the elderly, babies and pregnant women

A

Listeria monocytogenes

51
Q

What is the most common cause for bacterial meningitis in premature babies

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

52
Q

What causes Hansen’s disease (leprosy)

A

Mycobacterium leprae

53
Q

What form of leprosy is in those with a strong immune system

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

54
Q

What form of leprosy is in those with a weak immune system

A

Lepromatous leprosy

55
Q

What bacteria is the cause of floppy baby syndrome (flaccid paralysis)

A

Clostridium botulinum

56
Q

What bacteria causes Tetanus (jockjaw)

A

Clostridium tetani

57
Q

What is the most common reason for neonatal tetanus

A

Infected umbilical stump

58
Q

What bacteria is associated with Risus sardonicus (smiling spasm)

A

Clostridium tetani (tetanus)

59
Q

What is the most common cause of viral meningitis

60
Q

What percent of polio cases are asymptomatic and what percent progress into bulbar polio

A

90% asymptomatic

1% bulbar polio

61
Q

What virus is a classical zoonotic disease

62
Q

What is the shape of the capsid for the Rabies virus

A

Bullet shaped

63
Q

Which arbovirus causes Sleeping sickness (not african sleeping sickness) and is found east of the mississippi and is transmitted by a mosquito

A

Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus

64
Q

Which arbovirus is found west of the mississippi and is transmitted by a mosquito

A

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus

65
Q

Which Arbovirus is found mainly in texas and is transmitted by a mosquito

A

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis

66
Q

Which Arbovirus is named after St.louis and is transmited by a mosquito

A

St. Louis Encephalitis virus

67
Q

Which Arbovirus is closely associated with those who handle dead birds, can be transmitted by a mosquito

A

West Nile Virus

68
Q

What is the vector for California Encephalitis

69
Q

What is the vector for Tick Borne encephalitis

70
Q

What causes Cryptococcal meningitis

A

Cryptococcus Neoformans

71
Q

What is the most common clinical form of cryptococcal infection

A

Cryptococcal meningitis (cryptococcal neoformans)

72
Q

What is the most common form of african sleeping sickness

A

West african sleeping sickness

73
Q

What causes west African sleeping sickness and what is the vector

A

Trypanosoma bruccei Gambinese

Vector = Tsetse fly

74
Q

What causes east african sleeping sickness and what is the vector

A

Trypanosoma bruccei rhodesiense

Vector = tsetse fly

75
Q

What is the brain eating amoeba, and what causes it

A

Amebic Meningoencephalopathy

Cause = Naegleria fowleri

76
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Amebic meningoencephalophaty

A

Inhalation of water

77
Q

What is the cause of Varient Creutzfeldt-jakob disease

A

Abnormal strains of prion

78
Q

What is the leading cause of nontraumatic blindness in humans and what causes it

A

Trachoma

Cause = Chlamydia trachomatis

79
Q

What is the most likely bacteria to cause a sty

A

Staph aureus

80
Q

What bacteria causes newborn conjunctivits (Opthalmia Neonatorium)

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

81
Q

What bacteria causes Swimming pool conjuntivitis

A

Adenovirus

82
Q

What is the most common cause of Occular herpes

A

HHV-1 traveling down the opthalmic ganglion of the trigeminal nerve

83
Q

What causes Ocular candidiasis

A

Candida albicans

84
Q

What disease is caused when someone uses non sterile water to clean contacts

A

Acanthamoeba keratitis

Caused by: Acanthamoeba

85
Q

What nematode causes Calabar swellings around the eye

A

Loa Loa (loa loa Filariasis)

86
Q

What is the vector for Loa Loa Filariasis

A

Deer fly

Mango fly

87
Q

What bacteria causes River blindness (Onchocerciasis)

A

Onchocerca valvulus

88
Q

What is the vector for Onchocerciasis

part 1 boards (US) (12 decks)

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