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part 1 boards (US) > Endocrine anatomy (chiro essentials pg29-31) > Flashcards

Endocrine anatomy (chiro essentials pg29-31) Flashcards

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1
Q

What gland is considered the master endocrine gland

A

Pituitary gland

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2
Q

What are the embryological origins of the pituitary gland

A

Rathke’s pouch

part of the Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Where can you find the pituitary gland

A

In the sella tursica of the sphenoid bone

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4
Q

What covers the pituitary gland

A

a fold of dura called Diaphragm sellae

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5
Q

what does the anterior portion of the pituitary gland produce

A 
FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
prolactin
GH
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6
Q

What influences the release/inhibition of hormones from the anterior pituitary (all except prolactin)

A

Hypothalamus

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7
Q

What influences the release/inhibition of prolacin from the anterior pituitary

A

Prolactin inhibiting factor (dopamine)

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8
Q

What does the posterior pituitary do

A

Stores hormones (oxytocin + ADH)

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9
Q

What produces Oxytocin

A

Paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus

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10
Q

What produces ADH

A

Supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus

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11
Q

What links the two lobes of the thalmus

A

isthmus

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12
Q

What gives blood supply to the thyroid gland

A

Superior thyroid artery
Inferior thyroid artery
Thyroid ima

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13
Q

what types of cells secrete T3 (thyroxin) in the thalamus

A

Cuboidal cell-lined follicles

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14
Q

What cells produce calcitonin in the thalamus

A

Parafollicular cells

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15
Q

What gives blood supply to the parathyroid gland

A

Inferior thyroid artery

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16
Q

What are the two types of cells of the parathyroid gland

A

Chief cells

Oxyphils

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17
Q

What cells secrete PTH

A

Chief cells

18
Q

What does PTH do

A

Takes calcium out of bone and into the blood stream

19
Q

Wha organ is both an exocrine and endocrine gland

A

Pancreas

20
Q

What is the pancreas derived from

A

Ventral and dorsal endodermal buds from the foregut

21
Q

What cells are found in the pancreas

A

Alpha 20%
Beta 75%
Delta 5%

22
Q

What pancreatic cells secrete insulin

A

Beta cells

23
Q

What pancreatic cells secrete glucagon

A

alpha cells

24
Q

What pancreatic cells secrete somatostatin

A

Delta cells

25
Q

what are the parts of the pancreas

A

Head
neck
body
tail

26
Q

Which pancreatic duct carries exocrine juices from the tail body and neck of the pancreas

A

Main pancreatic duct

27
Q

what does the main pancreatic duct join up with

A

Common bile duct

28
Q

What does the main pancreatic duct and the common bile duct open into

A

Ampulla of vater

29
Q

Where is the ampulla of vater

A

The duodenum

30
Q

What pancreatic duct drains the head

A

accessory pancreatic duct

31
Q

What gives blood supply to the pancreas

A

Superior pancreaticoduodinal artery
inferior pancreaticoduodinal artery
great pancreatic artery

32
Q

What are the adrenal glands derived from

A

Cortex (outter) = mesoderm

Medulla (inner) = Neural crest cells

33
Q

Which adreanl gland is larger

A

The right one, it is also triangle shaped

34
Q

What are the three structural zones in the cortex of the adreanal glands

A

Glomerulosa
Fasciculata
Reticularis

35
Q

What does the Glomerulosa of the adreanal gland secrete

A

Aldosterone (under renin control)

36
Q

What does the Glucocorticoids of the adreanal gland cortex secrete

A

Glucocorticoids (under ATCH control)

37
Q

What does the Reticularis of the adrenal gland cortex secrete

A

Sex hormones

38
Q

What does the medulla of the adrenal glands secrete

A

Norepinephrine (sympathetic control)

39
Q

What arteries supply the adrenal glands

A

Superior adrenal ggland
Middle adrenal artery
Inferior adrenal artery

40
Q

What drains the left adrenal gland

A

Left renal vein

41
Q

What drains the right adrenal gland

A

Inferior vena cava

part 1 boards (US) (12 decks)

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