Muscular system Pt. 2

Question 1

This is the action by which you move
your thumb to touch the tips of the
other fingers on the same hand.

Answer 1

opposition

Question 2

This unique action makes the human
hand a fine tool for grasping and
manipulating objects

Answer 2

opposition

Question 3

___ - muscle that has the major responsibility for
causing a particular movement

Answer 3

Prime Mover

Question 4

____ - Muscles that oppose or reverse a
movement

Answer 4

Antagonist Muscle

Question 5

____-help prime movers by producing the same
movement or by reducing undesirable movements.

Answer 5

Synergist

Question 6

___are specialized synergists. They hold a bone still or
stabilize the origin of a prime mover so all the tension can
be used to move the insertion bone.

Answer 6

Fixators

Question 7

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Head/neck muscles (9)

Answer 7

Frontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Temporalis
Zygomaticus
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Question 8

Frontalis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 8

origin: cranial aponeurosis
primary actions: raises eyebrows

Question 9

Orbicularis oculi

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 9

origin: frontal bone and maxilla
primary actions: blinks and closes eye

Question 10

Orbicularis oris

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 10

origin: mandible and maxilla
primary actions: closes and protrudes lips

Question 11

Temporalis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 11

origin: temporal bone
primary actions: closes jaw

Question 12

Zygomaticus

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 12

origin: zygomatic bone
primary actions: raises corner of mouth

Question 13

Masseter

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 13

origin: temporal bone
primary actions: closes jaw

Question 14

Buccinator

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 14

origin: maxilla and mandible near molar
primary actions: compresses cheek (sucking); holds food between teeth during chewing

Question 15

Sternocleidomastoid

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 15

origin: sternum and clavicle
primary actions: flexes neck; laterally rotates head

Question 16

Platysma

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 16

origin: connective tissue covering of superior chest muscles
primary actions: tenses skin of neck (as in shaving)

Question 17

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Trunk muscles (3)

Answer 17

Pectoralis major
Rectus abdominis
External oblique

Question 18

Pectoralis major

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 18

origin: sternum, clavicle, and first to sixth ribs
primary actions: adducts and flexes humerus

Question 19

Rectus abdominis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 19

origin: pubis
primary actions: flexes vertebral column

Question 20

External oblique

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 20

origin: lower eight ribs
primary actions: flexes and rotates vertebral column

Question 21

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Arm/shoulder muscles (3)

Answer 21

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Deltoid

Question 22

Biceps brachii

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 22

origin: scapula of shoulder girdle
primary actions: flexes elbow and supinates forearm

Question 23

Brachialis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 23

origin: distal humerus
primary actions: flexes elbow

Question 24

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Hip/thigh/leg muscles (7)

Answer 24

Iliopsoas
adductor muscles
sartorius
quadriceps
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis muscles

Question 25

Iliopsoas

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 25

origin: ilium and lumbar vertebrae
primary actions: flexes hip

Question 26

Adductor muscles

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 26

origin: pelvis
primary actions: adduct and medially rotate thigh

Question 27

Sartorius

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 27

origin: Ilium
primary actions: flexes thigh on hip

Question 28

Quadriceps

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 28

origin: vasti; femur
primary actions: all extend knee; rectus femoris also flexes hip on thigh

Question 29

Tibialis anterior

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 29

origin: proximal tibia
primary actions: dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Question 30

Extensor digitorum longus

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 30

extends toes

Question 31

Fibularis muscles

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 31

origin: fibula
primary actions: plantar flex and evert foot

Question 32

Superior Posterior Muscles of the:
Head/Neck/trunk/shoulder muscles (6)

Answer 32

occipitalis
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
erector spinae
quadratus lumborum
deltoid

Question 33

Occipitalis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 33

origin: occipital and temporal bones
primary actions: fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

Question 34

Trapezius

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 34

origin: occipital bone and all cervical and thoracic vertebrae
primary actions: raises, retracts, and rotates scapula

Question 35

Latissimus dorsi

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 35

origin: lower spine and iliac crest
primary actions: extends and adducts humerus

Question 36

erector spinae

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 36

origin: iliac crest, ribs 3-12, and vertebrae
primary actions: extends and laterally flexes spine

Question 37

Quadratus luborum

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 37

origin: iliac crest, lumbar fascia
primary actions: flexes spine laterally, extends spine

Question 38

Deltoid

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 38

origin: scapular spine and clavicle
primary actions: abducts humerus

Question 39

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Arm/forearm muscles (9)

Answer 39

Triceps brachii
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Extensor carpi radialis
Extensor digitorum

Question 40

Triceps brachii

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 40

origin: shoulder girdle and proximal humerus
primary actions: extends elbow

Question 41

Flexor carpi radialis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 41

origin: distal humerus
primary actions: flexes wrist and abducts hand

Question 42

Flexor carpi ulnaris

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 42

origin: distal humerus and posterior ulna
primary actions: flexes wrists and adducts hand

Question 43

Flexor digitorum superficialis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 43

origin: distal humerus, ulna, and radius
primary actions: flexes wrist and fingers

Question 44

Extensor carpi radialis

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 44

origin: humerus
primary actions: extends wrist and abducts hand

Question 45

Extensor digitorum

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 45

origin: distal humerus
primary actions: extends fingers

Question 46

Superior Anterior Muscles of the Body:
Hip/thigh/legmuscles (5)

Answer 46

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Hamstring muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus)
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Question 47

Gluteus maximus

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 47

origin: sacrum and ilium
primary actions: extends hip (when forceful extension is required)

Question 48

Gluteus medius

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 48

origin: ilium
primary actions: abducts thigh, steadies pelvis during walking

Question 49

Hamstring muscles

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 49

origin: ischial tuberosity
primary actions: flex knee and extend hip

Question 50

Gastrocnemius

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 50

origin: distal femur
primary actions: plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

Question 51

Soleus

origin:
primary actions:

Answer 51

origin: proximal tibia and fibula
primary actions: plantar flexes foot

Question 52

Interactions of skeletal muscles in the body (4)

Answer 52

Prime mover
Antagonist muscle
Synergist
Fixator