Muscular System Flashcards
Number of muscles in the human body?
650-700
Smallest muscle in group?
Minimus
Threadlike structures contained in each muscle fiber.
Myofibrils or Fibrils.
Fibrous connective tissue which separates individual skeletal muscles from adjacent muscles. (Muscle sheath)
Fascia.
Turn the hand toward Ulnar side of wrist?
Ulnar Deviation.
How many muscles are attached to bones?
600+
Flexes the forearm/elbow?
Biceps Brachii.
Smiling muscle?
Zygomaticus.
Turning of sole of the foot to face medially.
Inversion.
Shortest muscle in the group?
Brevis.
Extends the forearms/elbows?
Triceps Brachii.
Flex wrist and abducts hand.
- Flexor Carpi radialis
* Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Naming skeletal Muscles.
- Location
- Number of origins
- Location of origin/insertion
- Shape
- Action
Turning the sole of the foot to face laterally.
Eversion.
Tailors muscle?
Sartorius.
Movement backward/drawn backward?
Retraction.
Flexes the forearm?
Brachioradialis.
What is sprain?
Tearing of ligament.
Raises corner of mouth?
Zygomaticus.
Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen?
Rectus abdominis.
3 large openings in diaphragm?
- Aortic Hiatus
- Esophageal Hiatus
- Opening of the inferior vena cava
Also known as the swimmers muscle?
Latissimus Dorsi.
Fan shaped muscle?
Pectoralis major.
Production of heat?
Thermogenesis.
Alternative name for medial rotation?
Internal rotation.
Alternative name for diaphragm?
Phren/ic
Turning away from regular standard.
Deviation.
Extends femur?
Gluteus maximus.
Alternative name for muscle tone?
Tonus
Flexes and adducts the humerus?
Pectoralis major.
Adducts femur
Adductor group.
Largest muscles in the group?
Maximus.
Extends vertebral column?
Sacrospinalis group.
Muscle that raises eye brows?
Frontalis.
Muscles that move the head?
Sternocleidomastoid.
Muscle that reverses the prime movement?
Antagonist.
Do not completely relax at rest, but remain partly contracted.
Muscle Tone.
Components of the quadriceps femoris group?
- Rectus Femoris
- Vastus Lateralis
- Vastus Medialis
- Vastus Intermedius
Sac like structure between muscles or tendons and an adjacent bony prominence. Decreases friction between the two.
Bursa.
Prayers muscle?
Sternocleidomastoid.
Extends femur and flexes lower leg?
Hamstring Group.
Pigment responsible for the reddish brown colour of skeletal muscles?
Myoglobin.
Components of hamstring group?
- Biceps Femoris
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
Extends fingers and digits?
Extensor Digitorum.
Portion between origin and insertion?
Belly
What does the psoas muscle do?
Help flex thigh.
Attached to the skeleton. Forms contour of body and is striated.
Skeletal Muscle.
Alternative name for lateral rotation?
External Rotation.
Helps prime mover by producing the same movement?
Synergist.
Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot?
Tibialis anterior.
What is a strain?
Tearing of muscle.
Muscle fibres are parallel to midline?
Rectus.
Raising superiorly.
Elevation.
Condition where skeletal muscles undergo partial contraction, fixes joints.
Rigor Mortis.
Water in lungs?
Pleural effusion.
Muscle fibers are perpendicular to midline?
Transversus.
Moving towards the midline.
Adduction.
Turning of body part from anterior towards the median plane.
Medial Rotation
Movement forward from normal position?
Protraction.
Toward the shin?
Dorsiflexion.
Four important muscles in radiography?
- Diaphragm
- Pectoralis Major
- Psoas Major
- Intercostal Muscles
Towards the sole?
Plantar Flexion.
How muscles produce movement.
Contracting of muscles.
Mastication Muscles?
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Pterygoid
Smallest muscle in the body?
Strapedius Muscle.
Muscle to bone attachment?
Tendon.
Known as the kissing muscle?
Orbicularis Oris.
Origin of pectoralis major?
Sternum and chest wall.
Compresses cheeks while whistling and sucking?
Buccinator.
Muscle that makes is majorly responsible for moving?
Prime mover.
Typical joint for flexion?
Hinge joints.
Chewing muscle?
Masseter.
Opposes the prime movers actions.
Antagonist.
Alternative name for prime mover?
Agonist.
Exhalation Muscle?
Internal Intercostal.
Stabilizes the origin of the prime mover?
Fixator.
Increase in angle of joints?
Extension.
Flat tendon?
Aponeurosis.
Extends wrist and abducts hand?
Extensor Carpi Radialis.
Flexes the lower leg?
Sartorius.
Helps close and protrudes the lips?
Orbicularis Oris
Abducts the humerus?
Deltoid.
Percentage of heat produced by muscles?
85%
Widest muscle in the group?
Latissimus.
Alternative name for belly?
Gaster.
Turn the hand to radial side of the wrist?
Radial Deviation.
Trumpeters muscle?
Buccinator.
Longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius.
Attached to moveable bone?
Insertion.
Pulls ribs down and in (exhalation)?
Internal Intercostal.
Palm facing downwards?
Pronation.
Number of named muscles?
639
Rotation happens where?
Ball and socket joints.
Latin word for muscle?
Myo
Maintenance of upright position.
Posture.
Alternative name for tendon?
Sinew, Cord or Leader.
Sign of death?
Rigor Mortis.
Decreasing the angle of parts.
Flexion.
Main function of all muscles.
Contraction
Longest muscle in the group?
Longus.
Only muscle that can be controlled.
Skeletal Muscles.
Triangular muscle?
Deltoid.
Turning of body part from anterior away the median plane.
Lateral rotation.
Inhalation muscle?
External Intercostal.
Helps fill space between adjacent ribs.
Intercostal Muscles.
Movement in a circular path.
Circumduction.
Pulls ribs up and out (inhalation).
External Intercostal.
Moving around a longitudinal axis?
Rotation.
Muscle found only in the heart, striated and involuntary?
Cardiac Muscle
Flattens to enlarge chest cavity for inhalation?
Diaphragm.
Flexes femur?
Iliopsoas.
Muscle fibres are at an angle?
Oblique.
Rotates and flexes vertebral column? Compresses abdomen.
External Obliques.
Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction?
Circumduction.
Also known as the boxers muscle?
Triceps brachii.
Lowering inferiorly?
Depression.
Abducts femur?
Gluteus Medius.
Timespan for rigor mortis?
72 hours or more.
Attached to immovable or less movable bones?
Origin.
Draws angle of mouth downward?
Platysma.
Specialized synergist?
Fixators.
Muscle with no striations, moves involuntarily and lines the visceral organs.
Smooth muscles.
Where is the psoas muscle?
Lateral to the lumbar vertebrae.
Four sided muscle?
Quadratus.
Muscle which helps blink and close eyes?
Orbicularis Oculi.
Moving away from midline.
Abduction.
Circular shaped muscles?
Orbicularis.
Extends and adducts the humerus?
- Latissimus Dorsi
* Teres Major.
Alternative name for tearing of muscle?
Pulled Muscle
Raises, lowers, adducts shoulders, extends neck and adducts scapula.
Trapezius.
Flexes wrist and fingers?
Flexor digitorum superficialis.
Muscle that does Plantar flexion of foot?
- Gastrocnemius
* Soleus
Flexes femur and extends lower leg?
Quadriceps femoris group.
Altering light and dark bands.
Striated.
Muscle cells which is the functional unit of a muscle.
Muscle Fibers.
Palms upward?
Supination
