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Anatomy and Physiology > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Number of muscles in the human body?

A

650-700

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2
Q

Smallest muscle in group?

A

Minimus

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3
Q

Threadlike structures contained in each muscle fiber.

A

Myofibrils or Fibrils.

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4
Q

Fibrous connective tissue which separates individual skeletal muscles from adjacent muscles. (Muscle sheath)

A

Fascia.

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5
Q

Turn the hand toward Ulnar side of wrist?

A

Ulnar Deviation.

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6
Q

How many muscles are attached to bones?

A

600+

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7
Q

Flexes the forearm/elbow?

A

Biceps Brachii.

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8
Q

Smiling muscle?

A

Zygomaticus.

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9
Q

Turning of sole of the foot to face medially.

A

Inversion.

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10
Q

Shortest muscle in the group?

A

Brevis.

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11
Q

Extends the forearms/elbows?

A

Triceps Brachii.

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12
Q

Flex wrist and abducts hand.

A
  • Flexor Carpi radialis

* Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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13
Q

Naming skeletal Muscles.

A
  • Location
  • Number of origins
  • Location of origin/insertion
  • Shape
  • Action
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14
Q

Turning the sole of the foot to face laterally.

A

Eversion.

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15
Q

Tailors muscle?

A

Sartorius.

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16
Q

Movement backward/drawn backward?

A

Retraction.

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17
Q

Flexes the forearm?

A

Brachioradialis.

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18
Q

What is sprain?

A

Tearing of ligament.

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19
Q

Raises corner of mouth?

A

Zygomaticus.

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20
Q

Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen?

A

Rectus abdominis.

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21
Q

3 large openings in diaphragm?

A
  • Aortic Hiatus
  • Esophageal Hiatus
  • Opening of the inferior vena cava
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22
Q

Also known as the swimmers muscle?

A

Latissimus Dorsi.

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23
Q

Fan shaped muscle?

A

Pectoralis major.

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24
Q

Production of heat?

A

Thermogenesis.

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25
Q

Alternative name for medial rotation?

A

Internal rotation.

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26
Q

Alternative name for diaphragm?

A

Phren/ic

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27
Q

Turning away from regular standard.

A

Deviation.

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28
Q

Extends femur?

A

Gluteus maximus.

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29
Q

Alternative name for muscle tone?

A

Tonus

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30
Q

Flexes and adducts the humerus?

A

Pectoralis major.

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31
Q

Adducts femur

A

Adductor group.

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32
Q

Largest muscles in the group?

A

Maximus.

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33
Q

Extends vertebral column?

A

Sacrospinalis group.

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34
Q

Muscle that raises eye brows?

A

Frontalis.

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35
Q

Muscles that move the head?

A

Sternocleidomastoid.

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36
Q

Muscle that reverses the prime movement?

A

Antagonist.

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37
Q

Do not completely relax at rest, but remain partly contracted.

A

Muscle Tone.

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38
Q

Components of the quadriceps femoris group?

A
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius
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39
Q

Sac like structure between muscles or tendons and an adjacent bony prominence. Decreases friction between the two.

A

Bursa.

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40
Q

Prayers muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid.

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41
Q

Extends femur and flexes lower leg?

A

Hamstring Group.

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42
Q

Pigment responsible for the reddish brown colour of skeletal muscles?

A

Myoglobin.

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43
Q

Components of hamstring group?

A
  • Biceps Femoris
  • Semimembranosus
  • Semitendinosus
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44
Q

Extends fingers and digits?

A

Extensor Digitorum.

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45
Q

Portion between origin and insertion?

A

Belly

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46
Q

What does the psoas muscle do?

A

Help flex thigh.

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47
Q

Attached to the skeleton. Forms contour of body and is striated.

A

Skeletal Muscle.

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48
Q

Alternative name for lateral rotation?

A

External Rotation.

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49
Q

Helps prime mover by producing the same movement?

A

Synergist.

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50
Q

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot?

A

Tibialis anterior.

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51
Q

What is a strain?

A

Tearing of muscle.

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52
Q

Muscle fibres are parallel to midline?

A

Rectus.

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53
Q

Raising superiorly.

A

Elevation.

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54
Q

Condition where skeletal muscles undergo partial contraction, fixes joints.

A

Rigor Mortis.

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55
Q

Water in lungs?

A

Pleural effusion.

56
Q

Muscle fibers are perpendicular to midline?

A

Transversus.

57
Q

Moving towards the midline.

A

Adduction.

58
Q

Turning of body part from anterior towards the median plane.

A

Medial Rotation

59
Q

Movement forward from normal position?

A

Protraction.

60
Q

Toward the shin?

A

Dorsiflexion.

61
Q

Four important muscles in radiography?

A
  • Diaphragm
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Psoas Major
  • Intercostal Muscles
62
Q

Towards the sole?

A

Plantar Flexion.

63
Q

How muscles produce movement.

A

Contracting of muscles.

64
Q

Mastication Muscles?

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Pterygoid
65
Q

Smallest muscle in the body?

A

Strapedius Muscle.

66
Q

Muscle to bone attachment?

A

Tendon.

67
Q

Known as the kissing muscle?

A

Orbicularis Oris.

68
Q

Origin of pectoralis major?

A

Sternum and chest wall.

69
Q

Compresses cheeks while whistling and sucking?

A

Buccinator.

70
Q

Muscle that makes is majorly responsible for moving?

A

Prime mover.

71
Q

Typical joint for flexion?

A

Hinge joints.

72
Q

Chewing muscle?

A

Masseter.

73
Q

Opposes the prime movers actions.

A

Antagonist.

74
Q

Alternative name for prime mover?

A

Agonist.

75
Q

Exhalation Muscle?

A

Internal Intercostal.

76
Q

Stabilizes the origin of the prime mover?

A

Fixator.

77
Q

Increase in angle of joints?

A

Extension.

78
Q

Flat tendon?

A

Aponeurosis.

79
Q

Extends wrist and abducts hand?

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis.

80
Q

Flexes the lower leg?

A

Sartorius.

81
Q

Helps close and protrudes the lips?

A

Orbicularis Oris

82
Q

Abducts the humerus?

A

Deltoid.

83
Q

Percentage of heat produced by muscles?

A

85%

84
Q

Widest muscle in the group?

A

Latissimus.

85
Q

Alternative name for belly?

A

Gaster.

86
Q

Turn the hand to radial side of the wrist?

A

Radial Deviation.

87
Q

Trumpeters muscle?

A

Buccinator.

88
Q

Longest muscle in the body?

A

Sartorius.

89
Q

Attached to moveable bone?

A

Insertion.

90
Q

Pulls ribs down and in (exhalation)?

A

Internal Intercostal.

91
Q

Palm facing downwards?

A

Pronation.

92
Q

Number of named muscles?

A

639

93
Q

Rotation happens where?

A

Ball and socket joints.

94
Q

Latin word for muscle?

A

Myo

95
Q

Maintenance of upright position.

A

Posture.

96
Q

Alternative name for tendon?

A

Sinew, Cord or Leader.

97
Q

Sign of death?

A

Rigor Mortis.

98
Q

Decreasing the angle of parts.

A

Flexion.

99
Q

Main function of all muscles.

A

Contraction

100
Q

Longest muscle in the group?

A

Longus.

101
Q

Only muscle that can be controlled.

A

Skeletal Muscles.

102
Q

Triangular muscle?

A

Deltoid.

103
Q

Turning of body part from anterior away the median plane.

A

Lateral rotation.

104
Q

Inhalation muscle?

A

External Intercostal.

105
Q

Helps fill space between adjacent ribs.

A

Intercostal Muscles.

106
Q

Movement in a circular path.

A

Circumduction.

107
Q

Pulls ribs up and out (inhalation).

A

External Intercostal.

108
Q

Moving around a longitudinal axis?

A

Rotation.

109
Q

Muscle found only in the heart, striated and involuntary?

A

Cardiac Muscle

110
Q

Flattens to enlarge chest cavity for inhalation?

A

Diaphragm.

111
Q

Flexes femur?

A

Iliopsoas.

112
Q

Muscle fibres are at an angle?

A

Oblique.

113
Q

Rotates and flexes vertebral column? Compresses abdomen.

A

External Obliques.

114
Q

Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction?

A

Circumduction.

115
Q

Also known as the boxers muscle?

A

Triceps brachii.

116
Q

Lowering inferiorly?

A

Depression.

117
Q

Abducts femur?

A

Gluteus Medius.

118
Q

Timespan for rigor mortis?

A

72 hours or more.

119
Q

Attached to immovable or less movable bones?

A

Origin.

120
Q

Draws angle of mouth downward?

A

Platysma.

121
Q

Specialized synergist?

A

Fixators.

122
Q

Muscle with no striations, moves involuntarily and lines the visceral organs.

A

Smooth muscles.

123
Q

Where is the psoas muscle?

A

Lateral to the lumbar vertebrae.

124
Q

Four sided muscle?

A

Quadratus.

125
Q

Muscle which helps blink and close eyes?

A

Orbicularis Oculi.

126
Q

Moving away from midline.

A

Abduction.

127
Q

Circular shaped muscles?

A

Orbicularis.

128
Q

Extends and adducts the humerus?

A
  • Latissimus Dorsi

* Teres Major.

129
Q

Alternative name for tearing of muscle?

A

Pulled Muscle

130
Q

Raises, lowers, adducts shoulders, extends neck and adducts scapula.

A

Trapezius.

131
Q

Flexes wrist and fingers?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis.

132
Q

Muscle that does Plantar flexion of foot?

A
  • Gastrocnemius

* Soleus

133
Q

Flexes femur and extends lower leg?

A

Quadriceps femoris group.

134
Q

Altering light and dark bands.

A

Striated.

135
Q

Muscle cells which is the functional unit of a muscle.

A

Muscle Fibers.

136
Q

Palms upward?

A

Supination

Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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