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Anatomy and Physiology > Foundations of Anatomy > Flashcards

Foundations of Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the importance of studying anatomy and physiology?

A

Understanding disease.Understanding of our body.Understanding instructions from other professionals.

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2
Q

What are the types of anatomy?

A

SystemicRegionalSurfaceAnatomical Imaging

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3
Q

Meaning of ana?

A

Up

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4
Q

Studies the body systems?

A

Systemic Anatomy

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5
Q

Meaning of Tome?

A

To cut.

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6
Q

Smallest level of the body?

A

Chemical.

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7
Q

Group of cells with a similar structure and function?

A

Tissues.

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8
Q

A group of organs?

A

Organ system.

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9
Q

What are the levels of organization?

A

Chemical (Atomic and molecular)CellularTissueOrganOrgan SystemOrganism

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10
Q

Conditions that change triggering homeostasis?

A

Variables.

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11
Q

What is the study of the function of organs and organ systems?

A

Physiology.

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12
Q

Studies the external features of the body?

A

Surface Anatomy.

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13
Q

Study of structure of the body?

A

Anatomy

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14
Q

All structural levels working together?

A

Organism

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15
Q

Characteristics of life?

A

Organization, Metabolism, Responsiveness, Growth, Development, Reproduction.

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16
Q

Study of anatomy using medical images?

A

Anatomical imaging.

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17
Q

Basic uni of life?

A

Cell.

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18
Q

Ability to break down substances into useable sub units?

A

Catabolism.

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19
Q

Changes in cell structure and function from generalized to special?

A

Development through differentiation of cells.

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20
Q

How many organ systems are there?

A

11

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21
Q

Formation of new cells or new organisms?

A

Reproduction.

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22
Q

Normal body temperature?

A

98.6 F and 37 C.

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23
Q

The build up of sub units for other chemical reactions?

A

Anabolism.

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24
Q

Maintenance of a constant internal environment?

A

Homeostasis.

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25
Q

Mechanism of homeostasis which maintains and regulates it. It is a deviation from the set point.

A

Negative feedback.

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26
Q

Components of negative feedback?

A

Receptor Control CentreEffector

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27
Q

Component of negative feedback which establishes and responds to the detected change?

A

Control Centre.

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28
Q

A group of 2 or more tissues?

A

Organs.

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29
Q

What are the basic body positions?

A

Anatomical positionSupineProne

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30
Q

An increase in size?

A

Growth.

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31
Q

Your Pnemonic for organ systems?

A

CRIES REMINDCirculatory, Respiratory, Integumentary, Excretory (Urinary) Skeletal, Reproductive, Endocrine, Muscular, Immune (Lymphatic), Nervous, Digestive.

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32
Q

Acceptable range before homeostasis occurs?

A

Normal range.

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33
Q

Responds to environmental change in negative feedback?

A

Effector.

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34
Q

Describe prone.

A

Lying face down.

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35
Q

At the back of a certain structure.

A

Posterior (Dorsal).

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36
Q

Describe the anatomical position?

A

Standing, erect, face palms and toes facing forward. Limbs are extended with feet together.

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37
Q

Above a structure?

A

Superior.

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38
Q

Alternative name for anterior?

A

Ventral.

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39
Q

Detects the change in homeostasis?

A

Receptor.

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40
Q

Ability to use energy for chemical reactions?

A

Metabolism.

41
Q

Ability to sense the changes in the environment?

A

Responsiveness.

42
Q

Alternative name for posterior.

A

Dorsal.

43
Q

Alternative to medial?

A

Mesial.

44
Q

Away from midline?

A

Lateral.

45
Q

On the same side of the body?

A

Ipsilateral (homolateral).

46
Q

Closer to the point of attachment.

A

Proximal (Juxtal)

47
Q

Towards the interior of a structure or the body.

A

Deep.

48
Q

In front of a structure?

A

Anterior (Ventral)

49
Q

What make up the lower limb?

A

Thigh, lower leg, ankle, foot.

50
Q

Ideal or normal value affecting homeostasis?

A

Set point.

51
Q

Below a structure?

A

Inferior.

52
Q

What are the body regions?

A

Upper limbs, lower limbs, Central and trunk.

53
Q

Describe supine.

A

Lying face up.

54
Q

Alternative to ipsilateral?

A

Homolateral.

55
Q

Closer to the surface of a structure.

A

Superficial.

56
Q

Point of intersection for the two imaginary lines that subdivide the abdominal region.

A

Naval area.

57
Q

Refers to the palm of the hand?

A

Palmar.

58
Q

Refers to the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar?

59
Q

What make up the central region?

A

Head, neck and trunk.

60
Q

Equally divides the body left and right?

A

Midsaggital.

61
Q

Components of posterior cavity?

A

Cranial CavityVertebral Cavity.

62
Q

Normal bp level?

A

120/80

63
Q

Runs horizontally and separates body into top and bottom?

A

Transverse (horizontal)

64
Q

Closer to the midline?

A

Medial (median).

65
Q

To be on the opposite side of the body.

A

Contralateral.

66
Q

Refers to either the palm or sole?

A

Volar.

67
Q

Alternative name for transverse?

A

Horizontal.

68
Q

Two main body cavities?

A

Posterior CavityAnterior Cavity.

69
Q

What make up the trunk?

A

Thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity.

70
Q

Latin word for flat?

A

Planus.

71
Q

Cavity that lies within the cranium and encloses the brain?

A

Cranial cavity.

72
Q

Deviation from set point becomes greater and makes situations worse?

A

Positive feedback.

73
Q

Components of the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Abdomical cavityPelvic Cavity

74
Q

Alternative name for coronal?

A

Frontal.

75
Q

Cavity that encloses the spinal cord?

A

Vertebral Cavity.

76
Q

Components of the thoracic cavity?

A

Mediastinum CavityPleural CavityPericardial Cavity

77
Q

Cavity which lies within the bony pelvis?

A

Pelvic Cavity.

78
Q

Studies specific regions of the body?

A

Regional anatomy.

79
Q

Cavity that extends from the inferior surface of the diaphragm to the pelvic bone.

A

Abdominal cavity.

80
Q

Components of the Anterior Cavity?

A

Thoracic CavityAbdominopelvic Cavity

81
Q

Serous membrane that lines cavity walls?

A

Parietal membranes.

82
Q

Further from point of attachment.

A

Distal.

83
Q

What make up the thoracic cavity?

A

Heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland.

84
Q

Cavities which surround the lungs?

A

Pleural Cavity.

85
Q

What make up the abdominal cavity?

A

Stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys.

86
Q

What cavities are lined with serous membranes?

A

Pericardial CavityPleural CavityPeritoneal Cavity

87
Q

Membrane that covers organs and lines cavity walls?

A

Serous membranes.

88
Q

Runs vertically and separates body into anterior and posterior?

A

Coronal (frontal).

89
Q

Serous membrane that covers organs?

A

Visceral membrane.

90
Q

Central cavity of the thoracic region?

A

Mediastinum Cavity.

91
Q

Runs vertically and separates the body into left and right.

A

Sagittal.

92
Q

Double layered membrane that covers organs and anchors them to body wall?

A

Mesentery.

93
Q

What make up serous membranes?

A

Visceral MembraneParietal Membrane

94
Q

Cavity which surrounds the heart?

A

Pericardial Cavity.

95
Q

Two types of membranes?

A

MesenterySerous Membrane

96
Q

What make up the pelvic cavity?

A

Urinary bladder, reproductive organs, part of the large intestine.

97
Q

Components of Addison’s regions.

A

Hypochondriac (L & R), EpigastricLumbar (L & R), UmbilicalIliac (L & R), Hypogastric

98
Q

What make up the upper limbs?

A

Upper arm, forearm, wrist, hand.

Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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